In this article, we propose and demonstrate a spectrum-to-space mapping principle for localizing multiple wireless nodes in a simultaneous and single-shot fashion at terahertz (THz) frequencies. Spectrum-to-space mapping is achieved through two dual-port chip integrated waveguide (CIW)-based leaky-wave antennas (LWAs). Interfacing with the two LWAs, we integrate two transmitting and receiving chains operating between 360- and 400-GHz range in a single chip realized in a 65-nm bulk CMOS process. Utilizing the carefully engineered dispersive nature of the LWA and its frequency-dependent radiation patterns, we create unique spectrum-to-space calibration maps for both 1-D and 2-D angular localizations. The measured one-shot localization error variance is less than 1° in 1-D space with 200-Hz-resolution bandwidth (BW) and less than 2° in 2-D space for a 20-Hz-resolution BW. The high-resolution nature of the localization principle in a single-shot fashion makes this approach attractive for multi-wireless node localization, link discovery, beam-forming, beam-management, and beam-optimization methods.

中文翻译：

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太赫兹棱镜：使用 CMOS 中的漏波太赫兹天线和收发器一次性同时定位多个无线节点


在本文中，我们提出并演示了一种频谱到空间映射原理，用于在太赫兹 (THz) 频率下以同步和单次方式定位多个无线节点。频谱到空间映射是通过两个基于双端口芯片集成波导 (CIW) 的漏波天线 (LWA) 实现的。通过与两个 LWA 的接口，我们将在 360 GHz 和 400 GHz 范围内运行的两个发射和接收链集成在采用 65 nm 体 CMOS 工艺实现的单个芯片中。利用 LWA 精心设计的色散特性及其与频率相关的辐射模式，我们为一维和二维角度定位创建了独特的频谱到空间校准图。测得的单次定位误差方差在 200 Hz 分辨率带宽 (BW) 的一维空间中小于 1°，在 20 Hz 分辨率带宽 (BW) 的二维空间中小于 2°。单次定位原理的高分辨率特性使得该方法对于多无线节点定位、链路发现、波束形成、波束管理和波束优化方法具有吸引力。