Weather and topography are two important drivers of spatial variability in crop yield, but interactions between these two factors remain poorly understood. To elucidate how spatial yield variability shifts in response to precipitation, we collected data from published literature that examined the yield response of maize (Zea mays L.) or soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) to elevation, slope, planar curvature, or profile curvature. From these studies, we extracted correlations between yield and topographic variables for 86 site-years. We assessed the response of yield–topography correlations to the spring and total growing season precipitation of each site-year. Averaged across all site-years, maize yield was negatively correlated to elevation and planar curvature while soybean yield was negatively correlated to slope. For maize, the correlations between yield and elevation, slope, planar curvature, and profile curvature increased from negative to positive with increasing growing season precipitation, whereas for soybean the correlations between yield and elevation and between yield and slope became more negative with increasing growing season precipitation. Spring precipitation was a better predictor of yield–topography correlations than growing season precipitation for soybean but not for maize. We conclude that maize and soybean generally yield higher in low-elevation and low-slope landscape positions, respectively, but the yield–topography relationships vary with precipitation.

天气和地形是作物产量空间变异的两个重要驱动因素，但这两个因素之间的相互作用仍然知之甚少。为了阐明空间产量变异如何随降水变化而变化，我们从已发表的文献中收集了数据，这些文献研究了玉米 ( Zea mays L.) 或大豆 ( Glycine max )的产量响应(L.) Merr) 到高程、坡度、平面曲率或剖面曲率。从这些研究中，我们提取了 86 个站点年的产量和地形变量之间的相关性。我们评估了产量-地形相关性对每个地点年春季和总生长季降水的响应。平均所有地点年，玉米产量与海拔和平面曲率呈负相关，而大豆产量与坡度呈负相关。对于玉米，产量与海拔、坡度、平面曲率和剖面曲率之间的相关性随着生长季降水量的增加由负变为正，而对于大豆，产量与海拔、产量与坡度之间的相关性随着生长季的增加而变得更加负相关。沉淀。春季降水比大豆的生长季降水更能预测产量-地形相关性，但不是玉米。我们得出的结论是，玉米和大豆通常分别在低海拔和低坡度景观位置的产量更高，但产量-地形关系随降水而变化。