We read with interest the recent papers by Seo et al and Abrahami et al demonstrating the risks of developing gastric cancer under the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).1 2 PPIs are extensively used in clinical practice. Recent studies based on large-scale cohorts involving different ethnic groups and study design demonstrated conflicting results on the association between PPI use with gastric cancer.1–6 To better understand the discrepancies, we performed a meta-analysis of cohort1–3 5–10 and nested case–control4 5 11 12 studies. We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases for reports published before 10 September 2021 that discussed the risk of gastric cancer under PPI use (online supplemental appendix 1A). Eligibility criteria are shown in online supplemental appendix 1B. Twelve studies were included and evaluated in our meta-analysis (online supplemental appendix 1C). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) was used to evaluate study quality (online supplemental appendix 2).### Supplementary data [gutjnl-2021-326291supp001.pdf] ### Supplementary data [gutjnl-2021-326291supp002.pdf] Seven cohort1 3 5–9 and four nested case–control studies4 5 11 12 totaling 1 638 328 participants were identified to compare PPI users and non-users (table 1). The risk of developing gastric cancer was significantly higher in PPI users than that in PPI non-users (relative risk …

中文翻译：

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质子泵抑制剂与胃癌风险的评估

我们感兴趣地阅读了 Seo 等人和 Abrahami 等人最近发表的论文，这些论文证明了在使用质子泵抑制剂 (PPI) 的情况下患胃癌的风险。1 2 PPI 广泛用于临床实践。最近基于涉及不同种族群体和研究设计的大规模队列研究表明，PPI 使用与胃癌之间的关联结果相互矛盾。1-6 为了更好地理解差异，我们对队列 1-3 5-10 进行了荟萃分析和嵌套病例对照4 5 11 12 研究。我们在 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 数据库中搜索了 2021 年 9 月 10 日之前发表的关于 PPI 使用下胃癌风险的报告（在线补充附录 1A）。资格标准见在线补充附录 1B。我们的荟萃分析纳入并评估了 12 项研究（在线补充附录 1C）。纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表）用于评估研究质量（在线补充附录 2）。### 补充数据 [gutjnl-2021-326291supp001.pdf] ### 补充数据 [gutjnl-2021-326291supp002.pdf] 七个队列1 3 5-9 和四个嵌套病例对照研究 4 5 11 12 共 1 638 328 名参与者被确定来比较 PPI 用户和非用户（表 1）。PPI 使用者患胃癌的风险显着高于非 PPI 使用者（相对风险…… pdf] 七个队列 1 3 5-9 和四个嵌套病例对照研究 4 5 11 12 共 1 638 328 名参与者被确定来比较 PPI 用户和非用户（表 1）。PPI 使用者患胃癌的风险显着高于非 PPI 使用者（相对风险…… pdf] 七个队列 1 3 5-9 和四个嵌套病例对照研究 4 5 11 12 共 1 638 328 名参与者被确定来比较 PPI 用户和非用户（表 1）。PPI 使用者患胃癌的风险显着高于非 PPI 使用者（相对风险……