PURPOSE Although it has been proven that radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment is an effective and well-tolerated procedure in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), there is still some concern regarding the risk of developing a second primary malignancy after RAI administration. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the risk of primary breast cancer in patients with DTC undergoing RAI therapy. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. RESULTS The final analysis included 14 studies accounting for a total of 200,247 patients with DTC (98,368 treated with RAI and 101,879 not treated with RAI). The relative risk of primary breast cancer in patients with DTC treated with RAI to those not treated with RAI among studies ranged from 0.45 to 2.55, the pooled relative risk was 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.99), and the heterogeneity was 71.5%. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis indicates that patients with DTC treated with RAI do not have a higher risk of primary breast cancer compared to those not treated with RAI. These findings suggest that RAI therapy does not increase the risk of breast cancer.

中文翻译：

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接受放射性碘治疗的分化型甲状腺癌患者的原发性乳腺癌风险：系统评价和荟萃分析。

目的 尽管已证明放射性碘 (RAI) 治疗对分化型甲状腺癌 (DTC) 患者是一种有效且耐受性良好的方法，但仍存在一些关于在 RAI 给药后发生第二原发性恶性肿瘤的风险的担忧。我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以调查接受 RAI 治疗的 DTC 患者患原发性乳腺癌的风险。方法 根据 PRISMA 声明，对 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库进行全面的文献检索。结果 最终分析包括 14 项研究，共计 200,247 名 DTC 患者（98,368 名接受 RAI 治疗，101,879 名未接受 RAI 治疗）。在研究中，接受 RAI 治疗的 DTC 患者与未接受 RAI 治疗的患者发生原发性乳腺癌的相对风险范围为 0.45 至 2.55，汇总的相对风险为 0.83（95% 置信区间，0.70-0.99），异质性为 71.5 %。结论 本荟萃分析表明，与未接受 RAI 治疗的患者相比，接受 RAI 治疗的 DTC 患者发生原发性乳腺癌的风险并不高。这些发现表明，RAI 治疗不会增加患乳腺癌的风险。