Chemical Investigation of Household Solid Fuel Use and Outdoor Air Pollution Contributions to Personal PM2.5 Exposures,Environmental Science & Technology

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Chemical Investigation of Household Solid Fuel Use and Outdoor Air Pollution Contributions to Personal PM2.5 Exposures
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-24 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01368
Alexandra Lai ₁ , Martha Lee ₂ , Ellison Carter ₃ , Queenie Chan ₄ , Paul Elliott ₄ , Majid Ezzati ₄ , Frank Kelly ₅ , Li Yan ₅ , Yangfeng Wu ₆ , Xudong Yang ₇ , Liancheng Zhao ₈ , Jill Baumgartner _{2,

9} , James J Schauer _{1,

10}

Affiliation

Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States.
MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatics, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, U.K.
Department of Analytical, Environmental, and Forensic Sciences, Kings College London, London SE1 9NH, U.K.
Clinical Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada.
Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53718, United States.

In communities with household solid fuel use, transitioning to clean stoves/fuels often results in only moderate reductions in fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) exposures; the chemical composition of those exposures may help explain why. We collected personal exposure (men and women) and outdoor PM_2.5 samples in villages in three Chinese provinces (Shanxi, Beijing, and Guangxi) and measured chemical components, including water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), ions, elements, and organic tracers. Source contributions from chemical mass balance modeling (biomass burning, coal combustion, vehicles, dust, and secondary inorganic aerosol) were similar between outdoor and personal PM_2.5 samples. Principal component analysis of organic and inorganic components identified analogous sources, including a regional ambient source. Chemical components of PM_2.5 exposures did not differ significantly by gender. Participants using coal had higher personal/outdoor (P/O) ratios of coal combustion tracers (picene, sulfate, As, and Pb) than those not using coal, but no such trend was observed for biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan, K⁺, WSOC). Picene and most levoglucosan P/O ratios exceeded 1 even among participants not using coal and biomass, respectively, indicating substantial indirect exposure to solid fuel emissions from other homes. Contributions of community-level emissions to exposures suggest that meaningful exposure reductions will likely require extensive fuel use changes within communities.

更新日期：2021-12-07

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