We investigate the potential benefits to pollinators of two agri-environment scheme habitats, annually cultivated and floristically enhanced grass margins. The former encourages annual plant species whereas the latter targets the provision of perennial plants, both may benefit foraging pollinators, many of which have declined in the UK since the 1980s. We surveyed thirty cultivated margins and thirty floristically enhanced grass margins across the UK for pollinators, which included bumblebees Bombus spp., solitary bees and hoverflies Syrphidae. Pollinator abundance was then related to margin attributes such as age, width, soil fertility and adjacent habitat type. For cultivated margins we also investigated relationships with cultivation and rotation, and for floristically enhanced margins time cut. Plant preferences of foraging pollinators were recorded in 2019. On cultivated margins, target annual plants were frequently recorded on plots and were repeatedly visited by pollinators with management significantly influencing visitation rates. For example, plots which had been created with ploughing attracted fewer solitary bees and bees overall than those created with minimum tillage. Annually rotated cultivated margins were associated with lower flower abundance, broad leaved species cover and vegetation heights which resulted in lower total bee abundance. We therefore advise that cultivated margins be left in situ on farmland over longer periods. Older floristically enhanced grass margins became dominated by grass and contained fewer flowerheads to support foraging pollinators. Compared to those established via natural regeneration, sown margins were associated with increased bee and Syrphidae abundance, which is probably linked to the high flowerhead abundance and coverage of broad-leaved species on sown plots. Our pollinator foraging data from 2019 showed that tolerance of some agricultural weeds should be advocated. Our results highlight the complementary benefits of these agri-environment scheme habitats to pollinators. We suggest that where arable pollinator conservation is a priority both habitats be provided.

我们调查了两个农业环境计划栖息地，每年种植和植物区系增强的草缘对传粉媒介的潜在好处。前者鼓励一年生植物物种，而后者则以提供多年生植物为目标，两者都可能有利于觅食传粉媒介，其中许多传粉媒介自 1980 年代以来在英国已经下降。我们调查了英国各地 30 个栽培边缘和 30 个植物区系增强的草地边缘的传粉媒介，其中包括大黄蜂Bombus spp.、孤蜂和食蚜蝇. 然后传粉者丰度与边缘属性相关，例如年龄、宽度、土壤肥力和相邻的栖息地类型。对于栽培边缘，我们还调查了与栽培和轮作的关系，以及植物区系增强的边缘时间切割。2019 年记录了觅食传粉媒介的植物偏好。在栽培边缘，目标一年生植物经常被记录在地块上，并被传粉媒介反复访问，管理显着影响访问率。例如，与最少耕作的地块相比，耕地形成的地块吸引了更少的独居蜜蜂和蜜蜂。每年轮作的耕地边缘与较低的花丰度、阔叶物种覆盖率和植被高度相关，导致蜜蜂总丰度较低。因此，我们建议将耕地边缘长期留在农田上。较老的植物区系增强的草缘变得以草为主，并且含有较少的花头来支持觅食的传粉者。与通过自然再生建立的那些相比，播种量与增加的蜜蜂和Syrphidae丰度，这可能与高花头丰度和播种地块上阔叶物种的覆盖率有关。我们 2019 年的授粉媒介觅食数据表明，应提倡对某些农业杂草的耐受性。我们的研究结果突出了这些农业环境计划栖息地对传粉媒介的补充益处。我们建议在优先保护可耕地授粉媒介的地方提供两个栖息地。