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Identifying Stagnation Zones and Reverse Flow Caused by River-Aquifer Interaction: An Approach Based on Polynomial Chaos Expansions
Water Resources Research ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-24 , DOI: 10.1029/2021wr029824
P. Merchán‐Rivera 1 , B. Wohlmuth 2, 3 , G. Chiogna 1, 4
Affiliation  

Fluctuating stream stages and peak-flow events can significantly influence the interactions between streams and aquifers and modify the hydraulic gradient, the flux exchange and the subsurface flow paths. As a result, stagnation zones and reverse flow may appear in different parts of an aquifer and at different times. These features of the flow field play a relevant role in the transport, transformation, and residence time of solutes, pollutants, and nutrients in the subsurface. However, their identification using numerical models is complex not only because of highly nonlinear dynamics, but also due to significant uncertainties in the model input data which propagate into the quantities of interest. In this work, we use an approach based on polynomial chaos expansions to map the probability of occurrence of stagnation zones and reverse flow during a flood event. We quantify the propagation of uncertainty into the groundwater flow field due to the applied river boundary conditions. Then, we evaluate the responses of the posterior probabilities in an element-wise fashion using a set of flow classification criteria and kernel density estimations. The proposed methodology is flexible because it employs a nonintrusive pseudo-spectral technique and, consequently, it can be applied straightforwardly in preexisting models. The regions near the confluence of two streams in the studied area are prone to present transient stagnation and reverse flow.

中文翻译:

识别由河流-含水层相互作用引起的滞流区和逆流:一种基于多项式混沌扩展的方法

波动的河流阶段和峰值流量事件会显着影响河流和含水层之间的相互作用,并改变水力梯度、通量交换和地下流动路径。因此,滞流区和逆流可能出现在含水层的不同部分和不同时间。流场的这些特征在溶质、污染物和营养物质在地下的传输、转化和停留时间中起着相关作用。然而,它们使用数值模型的识别是复杂的,不仅因为高度非线性动力学,而且因为模型输入数据中的显着不确定性传播到感兴趣的量中。在这项工作中,我们使用基于多项式混沌扩展的方法来绘制洪水事件期间出现停滞区和逆流的概率。由于应用的河流边界条件,我们量化了不确定性向地下水流场的传播。然后,我们使用一组流分类标准和核密度估计以元素方式评估后验概率的响应。所提出的方法是灵活的,因为它采用了一种非侵入性的伪光谱技术,因此,它可以直接应用于预先存在的模型。研究区内两股水流汇合处附近区域容易出现暂滞和逆流。由于应用的河流边界条件,我们量化了不确定性向地下水流场的传播。然后,我们使用一组流分类标准和核密度估计以元素方式评估后验概率的响应。所提出的方法是灵活的,因为它采用了一种非侵入性的伪光谱技术,因此,它可以直接应用于预先存在的模型。研究区内两股水流汇合处附近区域容易出现暂滞和逆流。由于应用的河流边界条件,我们量化了不确定性向地下水流场的传播。然后,我们使用一组流分类标准和核密度估计以元素方式评估后验概率的响应。所提出的方法是灵活的,因为它采用了一种非侵入性的伪光谱技术,因此,它可以直接应用于预先存在的模型。研究区内两股水流汇合处附近区域容易出现暂滞和逆流。所提出的方法是灵活的,因为它采用了一种非侵入性的伪光谱技术,因此,它可以直接应用于预先存在的模型。研究区内两股水流汇合处附近区域容易出现暂滞和逆流。所提出的方法是灵活的,因为它采用了一种非侵入性的伪光谱技术,因此,它可以直接应用于预先存在的模型。研究区内两股水流汇合处附近区域容易出现暂滞和逆流。
更新日期:2021-12-14
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