Micron-grade high iron-containing fly ash (MHIFA)—a processed hazardous waste containing Fe₃O₄—was added to an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor to improve the removal performance of high concentration phenol-containing wastewater. The chemical oxygen demand and total phenol removal efficiency with MHIFA were 72.13% and 81.83%, respectively. Moreover, MHIFA addition increased the contents of coenzyme F₄₂₀ and extracellular polymeric substances, as well as higher electron transport system activity in activated sludge. Additionally, microbial community analysis revealed that the total methanogens contents increased at genera level, producing an increase in methane production, while enriched Geobacter along with archaea Methanothrix might collaborate in direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) by MHIFA stimulation, promoting the effect of phenolic compound fermentation. Finally, this technology allows for resource utilization of hazardous waste and enhances anaerobic degradation of toxic and refractory pollutants.

将微米级高含铁粉煤灰（MHIFA）——一种含有Fe ₃ O _{4 的}处理过的危险废物——加入到上流式厌氧污泥床反应器中，以提高对高浓度含酚废水的去除性能。MHIFA 的化学需氧量和总酚去除率分别为 72.13% 和 81.83%。此外，MHIFA 的添加增加了辅酶 F ₄₂₀和胞外聚合物的含量，以及更高的活性污泥中的电子传递系统活性。此外，微生物群落分析表明，总产甲烷菌含量在属水平上增加，导致甲烷产量增加，同时富集地杆菌和古细菌Methanothrix可能通过 MHIFA 刺激在直接种间电子转移 (DIET) 中协作，促进酚类化合物发酵的效果。最后，该技术允许危险废物的资源化利用并增强有毒和难降解污染物的厌氧降解。