Various types of mono- and bi-metallic modified HZSM-5 catalysts such as Mo-, Fe-, Zn-, Cu-, Mo–Fe-, Mo–Zn-, and Mo–Cu-modified HZSM-5 were prepared via impregnation and were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and pyridine adsorption infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR) analysis. Online catalytic upgrading of Arundo donax pyrolysis vapors was performed using modified zeolite catalysts in a two-stage fixed bed reactor to investigate the catalytic performance. Results showed that loading of Mo, Fe, Zn and Cu were well-dispersed, the channels and acidity of zeolites were modified. Impregnation of HZSM-5 with metals resulted in relatively lower yield of oxygenates and nitrogen-containing compounds in bio-oil as compared to the reference condition without catalyst. Moreover, the addition of metals significantly favored the catalytic selectivity towards aromatics especially monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs). Mo-M/HZSM-5 catalysts was the best catalyst and exhibited the optimal de-oxygenation potential (from 62.66% to 18.03%), denitrification (from 6.53% to 0.43%) and produced maximum MAHs content approximately 28.77%. Among the bimetallic modified zeolite catalysts, Mo–Zn/HZSM-5 exhibited strong catalytic effect in oxygen-free aromatization of the mixed pyrolysis vapors containing methane and propane. In the presence of Mo–Zn/HZSM-5 catalyst, the content of oxygen in bio-oil decreased from 36.07 wt% to 15.05 wt%, and the calorific value reached a maximum value of 34.12 MJ kg⁻¹. Mo–Zn/HZSM-5 has been identified as a superior catalyst for improving the value of Arundo donax pyrolysis to make bio-oil.

通过以下方法制备了各种类型的单金属和双金属改性 HZSM-5 催化剂，如 Mo-、Fe-、Zn-、Cu-、Mo-Fe-、Mo-Zn- 和 Mo-Cu 改性的 HZSM-5浸渍并通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱 (ICP-AES)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 和吡啶吸附红外光谱 (Py-IR) 进行表征分析。芦竹在线催化升级在两级固定床反应器中使用改性沸石催化剂进行热解蒸汽以研究催化性能。结果表明，Mo、Fe、Zn和Cu的负载分散良好，沸石的通道和酸度得到改善。与没有催化剂的参考条件相比，用金属浸渍 HZSM-5 导致生物油中含氧化合物和含氮化合物的产率相对较低。此外，金属的添加显着促进了对芳烃尤其是单环芳烃 (MAH) 的催化选择性。Mo-M/HZSM-5 催化剂是最好的催化剂，表现出最佳的脱氧潜力（从 62.66% 到 18.03%），反硝化（从 6.53% 到 0.43%）并且产生的最大 MAHs 含量约为 28.77%。在双金属改性沸石催化剂中，Mo-Zn/HZSM-5在甲烷和丙烷混合热解蒸气的无氧芳构化中表现出很强的催化作用。在Mo-Zn/HZSM-5催化剂存在下，生物油中氧含量从36.07 wt%下降到15.05 wt%，热值达到最大值34.12 MJ kg^-1。Mo-Zn/HZSM-5 已被确定为一种优良的催化剂，可提高芦竹热解制备生物油的价值。