ABSTRACT

This study explored whether age differences in task-specific metacomprehension accuracy are partly explained by age differences in generalized metacomprehension (GM) or the use of GM as a task-specific judgment anchor. GM was measured before and after a summarization and metacomprehension judgment task and then correlated with prediction judgment magnitude to assess anchoring, and correlated with comprehension and task-specific metacomprehension accuracy to assess GM accuracy. Age differences in these relationships were then tested. GM was related to judgment magnitude but despite age differences in GM ratings, age did not moderate anchoring or GM accuracy. Age differences in task-specific metacomprehension accuracy do not seem to be explained by age differences in GM accuracy or its use as a judgment anchor. However, results are the first to show that older adults anchor task-specific metacomprehension judgments on their GM, providing unique evidence for the Anchoring and Adjustment Model of Metacomprehension in advanced age.

摘要

本研究探讨了特定任务元理解准确性的年龄差异是否部分由广义元理解 (GM) 的年龄差异或使用 GM 作为特定任务判断锚来解释。GM 在总结和元理解判断任务之前和之后进行测量，然后与预测判断量级相关联以评估锚定，并与理解和任务特定的元理解准确性相关联以评估 GM 准确性。然后测试这些关系中的年龄差异。GM 与判断幅度有关，但尽管 GM 评级存在年龄差异，但年龄并没有缓和锚定或 GM 准确性。特定任务的元理解准确性的年龄差异似乎不能用 GM 准确性的年龄差异或其作为判断锚的用途来解释。然而，