OBJECTIVES Examine reported availability of parental benefits for pediatric residents and impact of parenthood on reported importance of characteristics of post-training positions and career goals in 2008 and 2019. METHODS We analyzed data from American Academy of Pediatrics surveys of graduating residents in 2008 and 2019 querying (1) parenthood, (2) benefits during residency, (3) importance of parental benefits and job characteristics in post-training position, and (4) subspecialty career goal. Logistic regression was used to estimate independent effects of gender, partner status, and parenthood via derived predicted values (PVs). RESULTS Of 1021 respondents, three-fourths were women. Respondents in 2019 were less likely than in 2008 to have children (24.5% vs 33.8%, P < .01). In 2019, respondents were less likely to report availability of maternity (PV = 78.5% vs 89.5%, P < .001) or parental leave (PV = 42.5% vs 59.2%, P < .001) and more likely to report availability of lactation space (PV = 77.8% vs 56.1%, P < .001.). Most residents reported control over work hours, family considerations, and number of overnight calls per month as essential or very important characteristics in post-training positions. Controlling for resident characteristics, parenthood was associated with importance of family considerations and overnight calls in post-training position. Parenthood did not associate with subspecialty career goals, but gender did. CONCLUSIONS Residents are less likely to report availability of parental benefits during residency training in 2019. Most residents, both those with children and those without, consider parent friendly characteristics important in post-training positions. Parenthood does not correlate with subspecialty career goals independent from gender.

中文翻译：

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儿科住院医师的父母身份、父母福利和职业目标：2008 年和 2019 年。

目标 检查报告了儿科住院医师的父母福利的可用性以及父母身份对 2008 年和 2019 年培训后职位特征和职业目标的报告重要性的影响。 (1) 父母身份，(2) 住院期间的福利，(3) 培训后职位中父母福利和工作特征的重要性，以及 (4) 亚专业职业目标。Logistic 回归用于通过导出的预测值 (PV) 估计性别、伴侣状态和父母身份的独立影响。结果 在 1021 名受访者中，四分之三是女性。2019 年的受访者生育孩子的可能性低于 2008 年（24.5% 对 33.8%，P < .01）。2019年，受访者不太可能报告有产假（PV = 78.5% vs 89.5%，P < .001）或育儿假（PV = 42.5% vs 59.2%，P < .001），更有可能报告哺乳空间的可用性（ PV = 77.8% 与 56.1%，P < .001。）。大多数居民报告说，控制工作时间、家庭考虑和每月通宵电话的数量是培训后职位的基本或非常重要的特征。控制居民特征，父母身份与家庭考虑的重要性和培训后职位的通宵电话有关。为人父母与亚专业职业目标无关，但与性别有关。结论 在 2019 年的住院医师培训期间，居民不太可能报告父母福利的可用性。大多数居民，无论是有孩子的还是没有孩子的，考虑在培训后职位中对父母友好的特征很重要。为人父母与独立于性别的亚专业职业目标无关。