Water is the major environmental constraint for sustainable rice cultivation. A field experiment was conducted during 2016 and 2017 to evaluate the effects of three irrigation methods viz., continuous ponding (CP), alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and saturation (SAT)) and three popular local rice varieties (IET-4786, IR-36 and GB-1) laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications on growth, yield, water and energy productivity and economics of winter rice grown at farmers’ field. Results of the study showed that all the growth parameters, yield attributes and yield were significantly higher in CP followed by AWD method. Among the varieties, GB-1 was superior in both CP and AWD conditions to produce higher yields and yield variables than IET-4786 and IR-36. Crop water productivity (CWP) was found maximum in SAT regime followed by AWD while GB-1 as well as followed by IET-4786 displayed highest CWP among rice varieties. Energy use efficiency (EUE) and economics were higher in AWD with GB-1 followed by CP with GB-1. AWD irrigation coupled with GB-1 variety was the best treatment combination for deriving higher grain yield with maximum water saving, CWP, EUE and benefit-cost ratio.

水是可持续水稻种植的主要环境制约因素。2016 年和 2017 年进行了田间试验，以评估三种灌溉方法的效果，即连续积水 (CP)、交替干湿 (AWD) 和饱和 (SAT)) 和三种流行的当地水稻品种 (IET-4786, IR-36 和 GB-1）采用因子随机区组设计，对农田种植的冬稻的生长、产量、水和能源生产力以及经济性进行了三个重复。研究结果表明，所有生长参数、产量属性和产量在 CP 和 AWD 方法中均显着较高。在品种中，GB-1 在 CP 和 AWD 条件下均优于 IET-4786 和 IR-36，以产生更高的产量和产量变量。作物水分生产力（CWP）在 SAT 制度中最高，其次是 AWD，而 GB-1 和 IET-4786 在水稻品种中表现出最高的 CWP。带 GB-1 的 AWD 的能源利用效率 (EUE) 和经济性更高，其次是带 GB-1 的 CP。AWD 灌溉与 GB-1 品种相结合是获得更高粮食产量、最大节水、CWP、EUE 和效益成本比的最佳处理组合。