Widely targeted metabolomics was applied to estimate the differences in the metabolite profiles of maize seeds from 3 natural genotypic varieties and 4 genetically modified (GM) lines. Pairwise comparison with their isogenic controls revealed 71, 121, 43 and 95 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in GM maize seeds of C0030.2.4, C0030.3.5, C0010.1.1 and C0010.3.1, respectively. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that most of these DAMs participated in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and purine metabolism in GM maize C0030.2.4 and C0030.3.5, but participated in tryptophan metabolism and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism in C0010.3.1 seeds and in metabolic pathways and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in C0010.1.1 seeds. The data also showed that the differences in metabolite accumulation, both total DAMs and co-DAMs, among the different natural genotypic varieties (418 DAMs and 39 co-DAMs) were greater than those caused by genetic modification (330 DAMs and 3 co-DAMs). None of the DAMs were identified as new or unintended, showing only changes in abundance in the studied maize seeds. The metabolite profile differences among the 3 non-GM lines were more notable than those among GM lines. Different genetic backgrounds affect metabolite profiling more than gene modification itself.

中文翻译：

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具有昆虫和除草剂抗性基因（cry1Ab 和 epsps）、双重除草剂抗性基因（epsps 和 pat）以及天然基因型品种的玉米种子的代谢谱

应用广泛靶向的代谢组学来估计来自 3 个天然基因型品种和 4 个转基因 (GM) 品系的玉米种子代谢物谱的差异。与它们的同基因对照成对比较显示，在 C0030.2.4、C0030.3.5、C0010.1.1 和 C0010.3.1 的转基因玉米种子中，分别有 71、121、43 和 95 种差异积累代谢物 (DAM)。KEGG通路富集分析表明，这些DAMs大部分参与了转基因玉米C0030.2.4和C0030.3.5中次生代谢产物的生物合成和嘌呤代谢，但参与了C0010.3.1种子中的色氨酸代谢和2-氧代羧酸代谢。 C0010.1.1 种子中次生代谢物的途径和生物合成。数据还表明，代谢物积累的差异，包括总 DAMs 和 co-DAMs，不同天然基因型品种（418个DAMs和39个co-DAMs）之间的差异大于基因改造引起的（330个DAMs和3个co-DAMs）。没有任何 DAM 被确定为新的或意外的，仅显示所研究玉米种子的丰度变化。3个非转基因品系之间的代谢物谱差异比转基因品系之间的代谢物谱差异更显着。与基因修饰本身相比，不同的遗传背景对代谢物谱的影响更大。