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Stable Dendrite-Free Sodium–Sulfur Batteries Enabled by a Localized High-Concentration Electrolyte
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-24 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08851 Jiarui He 1 , Amruth Bhargav 1 , Woochul Shin 1 , Arumugam Manthiram 1
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-24 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08851 Jiarui He 1 , Amruth Bhargav 1 , Woochul Shin 1 , Arumugam Manthiram 1
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Ambient-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries are an appealing, sustainable, and low-cost alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their high material abundance and specific energy of 1274 W h kg–1. However, their viability is hampered by Na polysulfide (NaPS) shuttling, Na loss due to side reactions with the electrolyte, and dendrite formation. Here, we demonstrate that a solid–electrolyte interphase rich in inorganic components can be realized at both the sulfur cathode and the Na anode by tweaking the solvation structure of the electrolyte. This transforms the sulfur redox process from conventional dissolution–precipitation chemistry into a quasi-solid-state reaction, which eliminates NaPS shuttling and facilitates dendrite-free Na-metal plating and stripping. With the solvated ionic liquid electrolyte structure, a high initial capacity of 922 mA h g–1 with a capacity fade of as low as 0.10% per cycle over 300 cycles was achieved. The scalability of this approach to pouch cells with practically necessary parameters demonstrates its potential for practical viability.
中文翻译：
由局部高浓度电解质实现的稳定无枝晶钠硫电池
常温钠硫电池是一种有吸引力的、可持续的、低成本的锂离子电池替代品，因为它们的材料丰度高，比能量为 1274 W h kg –1. 然而，它们的可行性受到多硫化钠 (NaPS) 穿梭、与电解质副反应导致的 Na 损失以及枝晶形成的阻碍。在这里，我们证明了通过调整电解质的溶剂化结构，可以在硫正极和钠负极上实现富含无机成分的固体电解质中间相。这将硫氧化还原过程从传统的溶解-沉淀化学转变为准固态反应，从而消除了 NaPS 穿梭并促进无枝晶的 Na 金属电镀和剥离。采用溶剂化离子液体电解质结构，初始容量高达 922 mA hg –1在超过 300 次循环后，每个循环的容量衰减低至 0.10%。这种方法对具有实际必要参数的软包电池的可扩展性证明了其实际可行性的潜力。
更新日期：2021-12-08
中文翻译：
由局部高浓度电解质实现的稳定无枝晶钠硫电池
常温钠硫电池是一种有吸引力的、可持续的、低成本的锂离子电池替代品，因为它们的材料丰度高，比能量为 1274 W h kg –1. 然而，它们的可行性受到多硫化钠 (NaPS) 穿梭、与电解质副反应导致的 Na 损失以及枝晶形成的阻碍。在这里，我们证明了通过调整电解质的溶剂化结构，可以在硫正极和钠负极上实现富含无机成分的固体电解质中间相。这将硫氧化还原过程从传统的溶解-沉淀化学转变为准固态反应，从而消除了 NaPS 穿梭并促进无枝晶的 Na 金属电镀和剥离。采用溶剂化离子液体电解质结构，初始容量高达 922 mA hg –1在超过 300 次循环后，每个循环的容量衰减低至 0.10%。这种方法对具有实际必要参数的软包电池的可扩展性证明了其实际可行性的潜力。
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