Abstract. Soils and landscapes can show complex, non-linear evolution, especially under changing climate or land use. Soil-landscape evolution models (SLEMs) are increasingly equipped to simulate the development of soils and landscapes over long timescales under these changing drivers, but provide large data output that can be difficult to interpret and communicate. New tools are required to analyse and communicate large model output. In this work, I show how spatial and temporal trends in previously published model results can be summarized and conceptualized with evolutionary pathways, which are possible trajectories of the development of soil patterns. Simulated differences in rainfall and land use control progressive or regressive soil development and convergence or divergence of the soil pattern. These changes are illustrated with real-world examples of soil development and soil complexity. The use of evolutionary pathways for analysing the results of SLEMs is not limited to the examples in this paper, but they can be used on a wide variety of soil properties, soil pattern statistics and models. With that, evolutionary pathways provide a promising tool to analyse and communicate soil model output, not only for studying past changes in soils, but also for evaluating future spatial and temporal effects of soil management practices in the context of sustainability.

中文翻译：

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土壤景观演化模型中的演化路径

摘要。土壤和景观可以表现出复杂的非线性演变，尤其是在气候或土地利用不断变化的情况下。土壤景观演化模型 (SLEM) 越来越多地用于模拟在这些不断变化的驱动因素下长时间尺度的土壤和景观的发展，但提供了难以解释和交流的大量数据输出。需要新工具来分析和交流大型模型输出。在这项工作中，我展示了如何用进化路径总结和概念化先前发布的模型结果中的空间和时间趋势，这些进化路径是土壤模式发展的可能轨迹。降雨量和土地利用的模拟差异控制着渐进或退化的土壤发育以及土壤模式的收敛或发散。这些变化通过土壤发育和土壤复杂性的真实例子来说明。用于分析 SLEM 结果的进化途径的使用不仅限于本文中的示例，而且它们可用于各种土壤特性、土壤模式统计和模型。因此，进化路径为分析和交流土壤模型输出提供了一种很有前景的工具，不仅用于研究土壤过去的变化，还用于评估在可持续性背景下土壤管理实践的未来空间和时间影响。