We used a data set with n = 1,603 learners of foreign languages (FL) to develop and validate the short form of the Foreign Language Enjoyment Scale (S-FLES). The data was split into 2 groups, and we used the first sample to develop the short-form measure. A 3-factor hierarchical model of foreign language enjoyment (FLE) was uncovered, with FLE as a higher-order factor and with teacher appreciation, personal enjoyment, and social enjoyment as 3 lower-order factors. We selected 3 items for each of the 3 lower-order factors of the S-FLES. The proposed 9-item S-FLES was validated in the second sample, and the fit statistics for the factor structure indicated close fit. Further evidence was found to support the internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the S-FLES. The S-FLES provides a valid and reliable short-form measure of FLE, which can easily be included in any battery of assessments examining individual differences in FL learning.

中文翻译：

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外语享受量表简表的编制与验证

我们使用了一个带有n的数据集= 1,603 名外语 (FL) 学习者开发和验证外语享受量表 (S-FLES) 的简写形式。数据被分成两组，我们使用第一个样本来开发简短的测量。揭示了外语享受（FLE）的三因素层次模型，FLE为高阶因素，教师欣赏、个人享受和社会享受为3个低阶因素。我们为 S-FLES 的 3 个低阶因子中的每一个选择了 3 个项目。提议的 9 项 S-FLES 在第二个样本中得到验证，因子结构的拟合统计量表明拟合非常接近。发现进一步的证据支持 S-FLES 的内部一致性、收敛效度和区分效度。S-FLES 提供了一种有效且可靠的 FLE 简式测量方法，