Consistent with sampling theories in judgment and decision research, impression judgments depend on the number of traits drawn randomly from a population of target person traits in distinct ways. When sample size is determined externally by the experimenter, the sensitivity of resulting impression judgments to the prevailing (positive or negative) valence increases with the number of traits. In contrast, sensitivity is negatively related to sample size (more extreme judgments for smaller samples) when sampling is self-truncated. Building on previous findings by Prager et al. (2018), two new experiments corroborate the judgment pattern for self-truncated sampling and elaborate on the distinction of Brunswikian sampling (of stimuli in the environment) and Thurstonian sampling (of states within the judge's mind). Thurstonian sampling effects were evident in depolarized (regressive) judgments by yoked control participants provided with exactly the same trait samples as original judges, who could truncate sampling when they felt ready for a judgment. Experiment 1 included two kinds of yoked controls, receiving trait samples truncated in a previous stage either by themselves or by other judges, distinguishing between temporal and interpersonal sources of Thurstonian sampling variance. As expected, self-yoking yielded less regressive shrinkage than other-yoking. Experiment 2 provided convergent results with yoked controls manipulated within participants, dealing with higher dispersion of impressions on self-truncated samples (Thurstone, 1927). Across both experiments, individual impression judgments were highly predictable from theoretically meaningful parameters: expected valence in the population, sampling error, sample size, and different indices of trait diagnosticity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

从自我截断的特征样本中形成印象 - Thurstonian 和 Brunswikian 采样效应的相互作用。

与判断和决策研究中的抽样理论一致，印象判断取决于以不同方式从目标人物特征总体中随机抽取的特征数量。当样本大小由实验者在外部确定时，产生的印象判断对主要（正面或负面）效价的敏感性随着性状数量的增加而增加。相比之下，当采样是自我截断时，灵敏度与样本量呈负相关（对较小的样本进行更极端的判断）。基于 Prager 等人先前的发现。(2018)，两个新的实验证实了自我截断抽样的判断模式，并详细说明了布伦斯维克抽样（环境中的刺激）和瑟斯顿抽样（法官头脑中的状态）的区别。Thurstonian 抽样效应在被提供与原始法官完全相同的特征样本的轭控制参与者的去极化（回归）判断中很明显，当他们准备好进行判断时，他们可以截断抽样。实验 1 包括两种 yoked 控制，接收由他们自己或其他法官在前一阶段截断的特征样本，区分 Thurston 抽样方差的时间和人际来源。正如预期的那样，自轭比其他轭产生更少的回归收缩。实验 2 提供了在参与者内部操纵的轭控制的收敛结果，处理自我截断样本上更高的印象分散（Thurstone，1927）。在这两个实验中，个人印象判断可以从理论上有意义的参数中高度预测：总体中的预期效价、抽样误差、样本大小和不同的性状诊断指数。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。