OBJECTIVE Interracial interactions are often fraught with concerns about experiencing discrimination or being negatively stereotyped (i.e., social identity threat). Past research revealed that Black participants interacting with a White partner view the presence of racial diversity in a White partner's friendship network as a signal of identity safety. We extend this work by clarifying the role of ingroup representation in friendship diversity. Namely, we assess social identity safety of Black participants when anticipating an interaction with a White partner whose friendship networks include diversity with or without ingroup representation. METHOD In an experimental study (N = 301), Black adults (52.8% female, 47.2% male; Mage = 29.96) expected to interact with a White partner who had all White friends (No Diversity); Black and White friends (Diversity with Ingroup Representation); or Asian, Latinx, and White friends (Diversity without Ingroup Representation). We assessed participants' perceptions of their White partner as prejudiced, how they expected their partner would think of them (Black metastereotypes), and their anticipated interaction challenges, rejection concerns, and friendship interest immediately prior to the anticipated interaction. RESULTS Black participants had fewer anticipated challenges, fewer rejection concerns, and more friendship interest when their White partner's friendship networks included (vs. excluded) ingroup representation. These effects were mediated by perceived partner prejudice and Black metastereotypes. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that while any diversity of an outgroup member's friendship network is better than no diversity, ingroup representation is especially important in reducing threat and increasing social identity safety in interracial interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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多样性还是代表性？跨种族互动期间美国黑人身份安全的充分因素。

目标 跨种族互动通常充满了对遭受歧视或被负面刻板印象（即社会身份威胁）的担忧。过去的研究表明，与白人伴侣互动的黑人参与者将白人伴侣友谊网络中种族多样性的存在视为身份安全的信号。我们通过阐明内群体代表在友谊多样性中的作用来扩展这项工作。也就是说，我们在预期与白人伙伴的互动时评估黑人参与者的社会身份安全性，白人伙伴的友谊网络包括有或没有内群体代表的多样性。方法 在一项实验性研究（N = 301）中，成年黑人（52.8% 女性，47.2% 男性；法师 = 29.96）希望与拥有所有白人朋友（无多样性）的白人伴侣互动；黑人和白人朋友（具有内部代表的多样性）；或亚洲、拉丁裔和白人朋友（没有内群代表的多样性）。我们评估了参与者对其白人伴侣的偏见的看法，他们期望他们的伴侣如何看待他们（黑人元刻板印象），以及他们在预期互动之前的预期互动挑战、拒绝担忧和友谊兴趣。结果当白人伴侣的友谊网络包括（相对于排除）内群体代表时，黑人参与者的预期挑战更少，拒绝问题更少，友谊兴趣更多。这些影响是由感知到的伴侣偏见和黑人元刻板印象介导的。结论 这些发现表明，虽然外群成员的任何多样性 的友谊网络总比没有多样性好，内群体代表在减少威胁和增加跨种族互动中的社会身份安全方面尤为重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。