Objectives Children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) often have myopia. Even without ROP, birth weight and refractive state are related immediately after birth, but this relationship is reduced with increasing age. Here, we examined whether refractive state and birth weight were associated in 40-month-old children. Methods and analysis Of 541 children aged 40 months in Tsubame City, Japan, who underwent a medical examination between April 2018 and March 2019, this cross-sectional study enrolled 411 whose birth weights were available (76% of all). We measured the non-cycloplegic refraction using a Spot Vision Screener and correlated this with birth weight. Children were divided into three groups according to normal (2500–3500 g), high (>3500 g) or low (<2500 g) birth weights, and mean differences in spherical equivalent (SE) between the groups were analysed. Results The average SE for the right eye was 0.34 D (95% CI 0.28 to 0.40). Average birth weight was 3032.1 g (95% CI 2990.2 to 3073.9). Birth weight did not correlate with SE for the right eye (Pearson’s correlation, r=−0.015, p=0.765) or with the degree of anisometropia (Pearson’s correlation, r=−0.05, p=0.355). Furthermore, the mean SE showed no significant difference across the three groups of children with different birth weights (one-way analysis of variance, p=0.939). Conclusion Data on refractive states and birth weight for 411 children of similar age in one Japanese city were analysed, showing that birth weight did not influence SE, J0, J45 and the absolute degree of anisometropia at about 40 months of age. Data are available upon reasonable request. Not applicable.

中文翻译：

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通过 Spot Vision Screener 测量 40 个月大儿童的出生体重和屈光状态

目的 早产儿视网膜病变 (ROP) 的儿童通常患有近视。即使没有ROP，出生体重和屈光状态在出生后立即相关，但这种关系随着年龄的增长而减弱。在这里，我们检查了 40 个月大的儿童的屈光状态和出生体重是否相关。方法和分析 在 2018 年 4 月至 2019 年 3 月期间在日本燕市接受体检的 541 名 40 个月大的儿童中，这项横断面研究招募了 411 名出生体重可用的儿童（占总数的 76%）。我们使用 Spot Vision Screener 测量了非散瞳屈光度，并将其与出生体重相关联。根据正常（2500-3500 g）、高（>3500 g）或低（<2500 g）出生体重，将儿童分为三组，并分析了组间球当量 (SE) 的平均差异。结果 右眼的平均 SE 为 0.34 D（95% CI 0.28 至 0.40）。平均出生体重为 3032.1 克（95% CI 2990.2 至 3073.9）。出生体重与右眼 SE（Pearson 相关性，r=-0.015，p=0.765）或屈光参差程度（Pearson 相关性，r=-0.05，p=0.355）无关。此外，三组不同出生体重儿童的平均 SE 没有显着差异（单因素方差分析，p=0.939）。结论 对日本某城市411名同龄儿童的屈光状态和出生体重数据进行分析，发现出生体重对40月龄左右的SE、J0、J45及屈光参差的绝对程度没有影响。可根据合理要求提供数据。