Most host organisms undergo metabolic changes in response to pathogens, environmental cues or simply to boost their immunity. Metabolic modulation has therefore been exploited by both host and pathogens to outwit the other during host–pathogen interactions. Recent studies have revealed that a growing number of metabolites and metabolic processes in crustaceans are crucial in host–pathogen interactions. Here, we reviewed recent work on metabolic changes during immune response of crustaceans and the metabolic reprogramming that takes place in the host induced by pathogens, environmental cues or as a host strategy to withstand these changes or clear the pathogen. In aquaculture crustaceans, limited studies exist on this subject; hence, we will also highlight themes for possible future research on metabolite reprogramming and how this strategy can be leveraged to improve sustainable aquaculture and enhance crustaceans’ response to pathogens and environmental changes.

中文翻译：

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甲壳类动物的代谢重编程：重要的免疫和环境反应策略

大多数宿主生物体响应病原体、环境信号或仅仅为了增强它们的免疫力而发生代谢变化。因此，宿主和病原体都利用代谢调节在宿主 - 病原体相互作用期间胜过对方。最近的研究表明，甲壳类动物中越来越多的代谢物和代谢过程在宿主-病原体相互作用中至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了最近关于甲壳类动物免疫反应过程中代谢变化的工作，以及由病原体、环境线索诱导的宿主体内发生的代谢重编程，或作为抵御这些变化或清除病原体的宿主策略。在水产养殖甲壳类动物中，对该主题的研究有限；因此，