We propose a novel primordial black hole (PBH) formation mechanism based on a first-order phase transition (FOPT). If a fermion species gains a huge mass in the true vacuum, the corresponding particles get trapped in the false vacuum as they do not have sufficient energy to penetrate the bubble wall. After the FOPT, the fermions are compressed into the false vacuum remnants to form non-topological solitons called Fermi-balls, and then collapse to PBHs due to the Yukawa attractive force. We derive the PBH mass and abundance, showing that for a $\mathcal{O}(\text{GeV})$ FOPT the PBHs could be $\sim {10}^{17}$ g and explain all of dark matter. If the FOPT happens at higher scale, PBHs are typically overproduced and extra dilution mechanism is necessary to satisfy current constraints.

我们提出了一种基于一阶相变 (FOPT) 的新型原始黑洞 (PBH) 形成机制。如果费米子物质在真真空中获得了巨大的质量，相应的粒子就会被困在假真空中，因为它们没有足够的能量穿透气泡壁。在 FOPT 之后，费米子被压缩到假真空残余中，形成称为费米球的非拓扑孤子，然后由于汤川吸引力而坍缩为 PBH。我们推导出 PBH 的质量和丰度，表明对于一个$\mathcal{哦}(\text{电子伏特})$ FOPT PBH 可能是 $～{10}^{17}$g 并解释所有暗物质。如果 FOPT 发生在更高的规模，PBH 通常会过度生产，并且需要额外的稀释机制来满足当前的限制。