Background: Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, often resulting in painless vision loss. We report a case of necrotic uveal melanoma presenting with orbital inflammation mimicking orbital cellulitis and present a comprehensive review of the literature and tabulation of reported cases. Summary: Our review found 44 published reports of spontaneously necrotic uveal melanoma involving 55 patients. Of these reports, 26 patients (47%) presented with orbital cellulitis. Presenting symptoms of necrotic uveal melanoma with orbital cellulitis included proptosis (82.8%), pain (80.7%), vision loss (61.5%), and restricted extraocular movements (46.2%). Key Messages: Uveal melanoma can rarely mimic orbital cellulitis. Autoinfarction and tumor necrosis causes secondary orbital inflammation. Intraocular malignancy must remain in the differential for patients with orbital inflammation and vision loss.
Ocul Oncol Pathol

中文翻译：

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坏死性葡萄膜黑色素瘤模拟眼眶蜂窝织炎：综述

背景：葡萄膜黑色素瘤是成人最常见的原发性眼内恶性肿瘤，常导致无痛性视力丧失。我们报告了一例坏死性葡萄膜黑色素瘤，表现为眼眶炎症，类似于眼眶蜂窝织炎，并对文献和报告病例列表进行了全面回顾。总结：我们的审查发现了 44 份已发表的自发性坏死性葡萄膜黑色素瘤报告，涉及 55 名患者。在这些报告中，26 名患者 (47%) 出现眼眶蜂窝织炎。坏死性葡萄膜黑色素瘤伴有眼眶蜂窝织炎的症状包括眼球突出（82.8%）、疼痛（80.7%）、视力下降（61.5%）和眼外运动受限（46.2%）。关键信息：葡萄膜黑色素瘤很少能模仿眼眶蜂窝织炎。自身梗塞和肿瘤坏死导致继发性眼眶炎症。对于眼眶炎症和视力丧失的患者，必须与眼内恶性肿瘤进行鉴别。
眼肿瘤病理