Objective: Chemical investigation of the extract of sponge-derived fungus, Aspergillus niger, was performed by liquid chromatography coupled with QExactive mass spectrometry for the first time.

Method: A total number of 444 constituents were detected, 288 of which were identified positively or tentatively by the comprehensive utilization of accurate molecular weight and fragmentation information acquired from quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry. The identified compounds were divided into several types, namely, organic acid, alkaloid, saccharide, amino acid and cyclopeptide, terpenoid, polyketone, phenylpropanoid and other types of compounds. Systematic diagnostic ions and featured fragment patterns were summarized for each type, based on which 8 novel compounds belonging to the same type were characterized.

Results: This work provided a rapid approach for the research of micro constituents in a complex analyte. Furthermore, the anti-tumor activity of the extract was evaluated on two different cell lines-Bel-7402 and Hela-S3 in vitro. The tumor-inhibitory effect of the Aspergillus niger extract was confirmed and may be mainly derived from its pro-apoptotic action. Moreover, the extract exerted more significant cytotoxicity in Bel-7402 cells than Hela-S3 cells, indicative of its selectivity on specific tumor cells.

Conclusion: The evidence suggested that the Aspergillus niger extract may potentially serve as a remedy for the prevention and therapy of hepatic and breast carcinoma.

目的：首次采用液相色谱-QExactive 质谱联用对海绵来源真菌黑曲霉的提取物进行化学研究。

方法：共检测出444种成分，综合利用四极杆轨道阱质谱准确的分子量和碎裂信息，阳性或初步鉴定出288种成分。鉴定出的化合物分为有机酸类、生物碱类、糖类、氨基酸类和环肽类、萜类、聚酮类、苯丙烷类等多类化合物。总结了每种类型的系统诊断离子和特征碎片模式，在此基础上表征了属于同一类型的 8 种新化合物。

结果：这项工作为研究复杂分析物中的微量成分提供了一种快速方法。此外，在体外对两种不同的细胞系 Bel-7402 和 Hela-S3 评估了提取物的抗肿瘤活性。黑曲霉提取物的肿瘤抑制作用得到证实，可能主要来自其促凋亡作用。此外，与 Hela-S3 细胞相比，该提取物在 Bel-7402 细胞中发挥更显着的细胞毒性，表明其对特定肿瘤细胞具有选择性。

结论：有证据表明黑曲霉提取物可能作为预防和治疗肝癌和乳腺癌的药物。