Temporal magnification is an emerging technology for the observation of single-shot optical signals with irregular and ultrafast dynamics, which exceed the speed, precision, and record length of conventional digitizers. Conventional temporal magnification schemes suffer from transmission delay and large volume of dispersive elements. Because only the signal envelope can be magnified in the dispersion-based schemes, real-time full-field (phase and amplitude) measurement for a complex ultrafast optical signal remains an open challenge. Here, a bandwidth-compressed temporal magnification scheme for low-latency full-field measurements of ultrafast dynamics is proposed. Unlike the dispersion-based schemes, temporal magnification of a complex optical signal is achieved by bandwidth compression. The bandwidth is coherently compressed by the Vernier effect relying on the detuned free spectral range of a periodic optical filter and time lens. Experimentally, a temporal magnification factor of 224 is realized, and full-field measurements for picosecond pulses are demonstrated. The proposal eliminates the dependence on dispersive elements and shows great potential in integration, which may pave a new path toward full-field measurement for nonrepetitive and statistically rare signals.

中文翻译：

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基于频谱压缩的低延迟全场时间放大

时间放大是一种新兴技术，用于观察具有不规则和超快动态的单次光信号，其速度、精度和记录长度超过了传统数字化仪。传统的时间放大方案受到传输延迟和大量色散元素的影响。由于在基于色散的方案中只能放大信号包络，因此复杂超快光信号的实时全场（相位和幅度）测量仍然是一个开放的挑战。在这里，提出了一种用于超快动力学的低延迟全场测量的带宽压缩时间放大方案。与基于色散的方案不同，复杂光信号的时间放大是通过带宽压缩实现的。依靠周期性滤光器和时间透镜的失谐自由光谱范围，游标效应对带宽进行了相干压缩。通过实验，实现了 224 的时间放大系数，并演示了皮秒脉冲的全场测量。该提议消除了对色散元素的依赖，并在集成方面显示出巨大的潜力，这可能为非重复和统计上罕见的信号的全场测量铺平了新的道路。