Improving the intrinsic activity of electrocatalysts for sustainable energy conversion: where are we and where can we go?,Chemical Science

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Improving the intrinsic activity of electrocatalysts for sustainable energy conversion: where are we and where can we go?
Chemical Science ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-23 , DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04775b
Nitish Govindarajan ₁ , Georg Kastlunger ₁ , Hendrik H Heenen _{1,

2} , Karen Chan ₁

Affiliation

As we are in the midst of a climate crisis, there is an urgent need to transition to the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. A promising strategy towards this transition is to use renewable energy for the electrochemical conversion of abundant molecules present in the earth's atmosphere such as H₂O, O₂, N₂ and CO₂, to synthetic fuels and chemicals. A cornerstone to this strategy is the development of earth abundant electrocatalysts with high intrinsic activity towards the desired products. In this perspective, we discuss the importance and challenges involved in the estimation of intrinsic activity both from the experimental and theoretical front. Through a thorough analysis of published data, we find that only modest improvements in intrinsic activity of electrocatalysts have been achieved in the past two decades which necessitates the need for a paradigm shift in electrocatalyst design. To this end, we highlight opportunities offered by tuning three components of the electrochemical environment: cations, buffering anions and the electrolyte pH. These components can significantly alter catalytic activity as demonstrated using several examples, and bring us a step closer towards complete system level optimization of electrochemical routes to sustainable energy conversion.

中文翻译：

提高电催化剂的内在活性以实现可持续能源转换：我们在哪里，我们可以去哪里？

由于我们正处于气候危机之中，因此迫切需要向燃料和化学品的可持续生产过渡。实现这一转变的一个有前景的策略是使用可再生能源对存在于地球大气中的大量分子进行电化学转化，例如 H ₂ O、O ₂、N ₂和 CO ₂，合成燃料和化学品。该策略的基石是开发对所需产品具有高内在活性的地球资源丰富的电催化剂。从这个角度来看，我们从实验和理论方面讨论了估计内在活动所涉及的重要性和挑战。通过对已发表数据的全面分析，我们发现在过去的二十年中，电催化剂的内在活性仅取得了适度的改进，因此需要对电催化剂设计进行范式转变。为此，我们强调了通过调整电化学环境的三个组成部分提供的机会：阳离子、缓冲阴离子和电解质 pH 值。这些成分可以显着改变催化活性，如几个例子所示，

更新日期：2021-11-23

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