In this paper, the dynamics of the vehicle suspension system under the random excitation and the periodic excitation are investigated. To improve the damping performance of the vehicle suspension system, a two stage ISD suspension with “Inerter-Spring-Damper” in each stage is proposed based on electromechanical similarity theory. A vehicle dynamic model with two stage ISD suspension is established in this paper. The dynamic equation is solved by the Runge-Kutta method and the dynamic response of the whole vehicle system is obtained. Taking the traditional suspension as the comparison object, the dynamic characteristics of the system under random excitation and periodic excitation are studied in the time domain, and the suppression effect of the suspension designed in this paper on the resonance peak is verified in the frequency domain. The influence of the inertia coefficient on the damping performance of the vehicle suspension system is analyzed. The effects of excitation amplitude and vehicle speed on ride comfort improvement of vehicle system with two stage ISD suspension are discussed respectively. The results show that, the resonance peak values of body acceleration, dynamic travel of rear suspension and rear tire dynamic load frequency response are reduced by 59.1%, 21.6%, and 60.3% respectively. With the increase of excitation amplitude in the range of 0.02–0.04 m, the ride comfort improvement of two stage ISD suspension system is always more than 61%. With the increase of vehicle speed in the range of 10–25m/s, the performance improvement rate of two stage ISD suspension system can reach more than 34.1%.

本文研究了车辆悬架系统在随机激励和周期激励下的动力学特性。为了提高车辆悬架系统的阻尼性能，基于机电相似理论，提出了一种每级带有“惯性-弹簧-阻尼器”的两级ISD悬架。本文建立了具有两级ISD悬架的车辆动力学模型。采用Runge-Kutta法求解动力学方程，得到整车系统的动态响应。以传统悬架为对比对象，在时域研究了系统在随机激励和周期激励下的动态特性，并在频域验证了本文设计的悬架对共振峰的抑制效果。分析了惯性系数对车辆悬架系统阻尼性能的影响。分别讨论了激励幅度和车速对两级ISD悬架车辆系统平顺性改善的影响。结果表明，车身加速度、后悬架动态行驶和后轮胎动载频响共振峰值分别降低了59.1%、21.6%和60.3%。随着激励幅度在0.02~0.04 m范围内的增加，两级ISD悬架系统的平顺性提升始终在61%以上。随着车速在10-25m/s范围内的增加，二级ISD悬挂系统的性能提升率可达34.1%以上。