To evaluate trends in the in-hospital mortality rate for pediatric cardiac surgery procedures between 2005 and 2017 in our center, and to discuss the mortality characteristics of children’s CHD after thoracotomy. This retrospective data were collected from medical records of children underwent CHD surgery between 2005 and 2017. A total of 19,114 children with CHD underwent surgery and 444 children died, with the in-hospital mortality was 2.3%. Complex mixed defect CHD had the highest fatality rate (8.63%), left obstructive lesion CHD had the second highest fatality rate (4.49%), right to left shunt CHD had the third highest mortality rate (3.51%), left to right shunt CHD had the lowest mortality rate (χ2 = 520.3,P < 0.05). The neonatal period has the highest mortality rate (12.17%), followed by infant mortality (2.58%), toddler age mortality (1.16%), and preschool age mortality (0.94%), the school age and adolescent mortality rate was the lowest (χ2 = 529.3,P < 0.05). In addition, the fatality rate in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (2.77% versus 1.62%, χ2 = 26.4, P < 0.05). The mortality rate of CHD surgery in children decreased year by year. The younger the age and the more complicated the cyanotic heart disease, the higher the mortality rate may be.

中文翻译：

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2005-2017年儿童先天性心脏病（CHD）手术治疗后院内死亡率特征：单中心经验

评估我中心2005年至2017年儿科心脏手术住院死亡率的变化趋势，并探讨儿童CHD开胸术后的死亡率特征。该回顾性资料收集了2005年至2017年间接受CHD手术的儿童病历。共19,114名CHD儿童接受手术，444名儿童死亡，院内死亡率为2.3%。复杂性混合缺损冠心病死亡率最高（8.63%），左侧阻塞性病变冠心病死亡率第二（4.49%），右向左分流冠心病死亡率第三（3.51%），左向右分流冠心病死亡率最低（χ2 = 520.3，P < 0.05）。新生儿期死亡率最高（12.17%），其次是婴儿期死亡率（2.58%），幼儿期死亡率（1. 16%）、学龄前死亡率（0.94%），学龄和青少年死亡率最低（χ2 = 529.3，P < 0.05）。此外，男孩的病死率明显高于女孩（2.77% vs 1.62%，χ2 = 26.4，P < 0.05）。儿童冠心病手术死亡率逐年下降。年龄越小，紫绀型心脏病越复杂，死亡率可能越高。