Introduction

This longitudinal study designed and tested the validity of a new measure of prosocial risk taking — risks that individuals take in order to help others.

Methods

The sample was racially and ethnically diverse adolescents in the rural Southeastern United States (N = 867; Mage = 12.82 years, 10–14 years at Wave 1; 50% Girls, 33% White non-Latinx, 27% Latinx, 20% Black, 20% Mixed/Other race/ethnicity). Adolescents completed self-report measures of the new prosocial risk-taking scale at baseline and one- and two-year follow-ups.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated excellent model fit with a 6-item single factor score. Further, the scale demonstrated good test-retest reliability at one and two-year follow ups. The scale also demonstrated convergent validity, such that prosocial risk taking was positively correlated with prosocial tendencies, empathy, and sensation seeking, and negatively correlated with negative risk-taking behavior and risk tolerance. Finally, we found significant differences by race/ethnicity (but not by gender) in prosocial risk taking, which were not attributable to measurement invariance, and should be interpreted in the context of ongoing societal inequalities between youth.

Conclusions

The new Prosocial Risk-Taking Scale yielded reliable scores in our sample. It may be used in future research to investigate individual differences in adolescents' prosocial risk taking, developmental change in prosocial risk taking, and the significance of prosocial risk taking for adolescents' emotional and social adaptation.

中文翻译：

---

在不同种族青少年的纵向样本中检验新的亲社会冒险量表

 介绍

这项纵向研究设计并测试了一种新的亲社会冒险衡量标准的有效性——个人为了帮助他人而承担的风险。

 方法

样本是美国东南部农村地区的种族和民族多样化青少年（ N = 867；法师= 12.82 岁，第一波为 10-14 岁；50% 女孩，33% 非拉丁裔白人，27% 拉丁裔，20% 黑人） ，20% 混血/其他种族/民族）。青少年在基线和一年和两年的随访中完成了新的亲社会冒险量表的自我报告测量。

 结果

验证性因素分析证明模型拟合良好，具有 6 项单因素评分。此外，该量表在一年和两年的随访中表现出良好的重测可靠性。该量表还表现出收敛效度，即亲社会冒险行为与亲社会倾向、同理心和感觉寻求呈正相关，与消极冒险行为和风险承受能力呈负相关。最后，我们发现亲社会冒险行为因种族/族裔（而非性别）而存在显着差异，这不能归因于测量不变性，应在青年之间持续存在的社会不平等的背景下进行解释。

 结论

新的亲社会风险承担量表在我们的样本中产生了可靠的分数。它可以在未来的研究中调查青少年亲社会风险承担的个体差异、亲社会风险承担的发展变化以及亲社会风险承担对青少年情绪和社会适应的重要性。