ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to analyse critically the idea of ethnopluralism (also known as ethno-differentialism and droit à la difference) as formulated by Alain de Benoist, one of the founding fathers of the Nouvelle Droite and one of the most important far-right intellectuals of the last decades. Rueda locates this ideal as part of what will be called ‘the cultural turn in racism’, that is, the passage from biological and pseudo-scientific racism to alterophobic discourses based on culture and ethnicity among European far-right intellectuals. Moreover, the article will explore the impact of ethnopluralism on both increasingly mainstream radical-right parties and fringe extremist organizations since the 1980s.

摘要

本文的目的是批判性地分析由 Alain de Benoist 提出的民族多元主义（也称为民族差异主义和droit à la Difference ）概念，他是新民主主义的创始人之一，也是最重要的远过去几十年的右派知识分子。Rueda 将这一理想定位为所谓的“种族主义中的文化转向”的一部分，即从生物学和伪科学的种族主义到欧洲极右翼知识分子中基于文化和种族的恐惧交替话语的转变。此外，本文将探讨 1980 年代以来民族多元主义对日益主流的激进右翼政党和边缘极端主义组织的影响。