A photonic method for simultaneously measuring the Doppler frequency shift (DFS) and angle of arrival (AOA) of microwave signal is proposed and verified by simulation. The echo signals are applied to a dual-parallel dual-drive Mach–Zehnder modulator for modulating the lightwave with carrier-suppressed double-sideband pattern. The lightwave carrying the echo signals is coupled with the lightwave carrying the local oscillator signal, and their upper and lower sidebands are separated by an interleaver. Then, the optical signals are converted into low-frequency electrical signals by two identical photodiodes, and the parameters of DFS and AOA are obtained by processing two low-frequency photocurrents. In the simulation, the measurements of the DFSs in the range of ± 1 MHz with errors < ± 9 × 10 − 4 Hz and the AOAs from 1.82 deg to 90 deg with errors <0.9 deg are realized, and the orientation of DFS can also be distinguished by comparing the phase difference of two electrical signals.

中文翻译：

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微波信号多普勒频移和到达角双功能测量系统

提出了一种同时测量微波信号多普勒频移（DFS）和到达角（AOA）的光子方法，并通过仿真进行了验证。回波信号被施加到双并行双驱动马赫-曾德尔调制器，用于调制具有载波抑制双边带模式的光波。承载回波信号的光波与承载本振信号的光波耦合，它们的上下边带由交织器隔开。然后通过两个相同的光电二极管将光信号转换为低频电信号，通过处理两个低频光电流得到DFS和AOA参数。在模拟中，DFS 的测量值在 ± 1 MHz 范围内，误差 <± 9 × 10 - 4 Hz，AOA 为 1。