The success of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treating Parkinson’s disease has led to its application to several other disorders, including treatment-resistant depression. Results with DBS for treatment-resistant depression have been heterogeneous, with inconsistencies largely driven by incomplete understanding of the brain networks regulating mood, especially on an individual basis. We report results from the first subject treated with DBS for treatment-resistant depression using an approach that incorporates intracranial recordings to personalize understanding of network behavior and its response to stimulation. These recordings enabled calculation of individually optimized DBS stimulation parameters using a novel inverse solution approach. In the ensuing double-blind, randomized phase incorporating these bespoke parameter sets, DBS led to remission of symptoms and dramatic improvement in quality of life. Results from this initial case demonstrate the feasibility of this personalized platform, which may be used to improve surgical neuromodulation for a vast array of neurologic and psychiatric disorders.

深部脑刺激（DBS）治疗帕金森病的成功已使其应用于其他几种疾病，包括难治性抑郁症。深部脑刺激治疗难治性抑郁症的结果各不相同，不一致的主要原因是对调节情绪的大脑网络的不完全理解，尤其是在个体基础上。我们报告了第一个接受 DBS 治疗难治性抑郁症的受试者的结果，使用一种结合颅内记录的方法来个性化对网络行为及其对刺激的反应的理解。这些记录使得能够使用新颖的逆解方法计算单独优化的 DBS 刺激参数。在随后的双盲、随机阶段，结合这些定制参数集，DBS 缓解了症状并显着改善了生活质量。这个初始案例的结果证明了这个个性化平台的可行性，该平台可用于改善多种神经系统和精神疾病的外科神经调节。