Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently achieved much attention to eliminating toxic pollutants because of their attractive attributes, including large specific surface area, ultra-high porosity, abundant active adsorption sites, tunable surface chemistry, well-controlled pore size distribution, and strong host–guest interactions. Among the many developed MOFs, the Zr-based MOFs, particularly the UiO-66 family, are considered extremely attractive for wastewater treatment applications. The fascinating properties of UiO-66 such as high thermal stability, superior chemical resistance towards several solvents, including benzene, acetone, different alcohols, dimethylformamide, acidic and basic solution, excellent chemical stability against various conditions such as air, water, and chloroform, and exceptional resistance to high external pressure, mainly due to strong Zr-O bond and high coordination number between the Zr clusters and organic ligands have led to numerous potential applications in wastewater treatment. This review primarily focuses on the latest efforts in applying UiO-66 MOFs as superior water-stable MOFs for efficient removal (adsorption/separation and degradation/reduction) of various water pollutants, including organic dyes, heavy metal ions, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, phosphate, and fluoride. The possible adsorption/separation and degradation/reduction mechanisms for removing water pollutants by UiO-66 and its modified derivatives are fully addressed. Thus, the review is expected to provide guidance and stimulate researchers to carefully investigate the real applications of UiO-66 MOFs in water and wastewater treatment applications.

金属有机框架（MOFs）由于其吸引人的特性，包括大比表面积、超高孔隙率、丰富的活性吸附位点、可调表面化学、良好控制的孔径分布和强烈的主客互动。在众多开发的 MOF 中，Zr 基 MOF，尤其是 UiO-66 系列，被认为对废水处理应用极具吸引力。UiO-66 的迷人特性，如高热稳定性、对多种溶剂（包括苯、丙酮、不同醇、二甲基甲酰胺、酸性和碱性溶液）的优异耐化学性、对各种条件（如空气、水和氯仿）的优异化学稳定性，以及对高外部压力的卓越抵抗力，主要是由于 Zr-O 键和 Zr 簇与有机配体之间的高配位数导致在废水处理中具有许多潜在的应用。本综述主要关注应用 UiO-66 MOF 作为优异的水稳定性 MOF 有效去除（吸附/分离和降解/还原）各种水污染物的最新努力，包括有机染料、重金属离子、药物和个人护理产品、磷酸盐和氟化物。充分解决了 UiO-66 及其改性衍生物去除水污染物的可能吸附/分离和降解/还原机制。因此，该评论有望提供指导并激励研究人员仔细研究 UiO-66 MOF 在水和废水处理应用中的实际应用。