Evolution of the spread strategies of plant pathogens may be described using the vector manipulation hypothesis (VMH), which posits that pathogens can enhance their transmission to new host plants through their effects on mobile vectors. Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) transmitted by aphid vectors in wheat has become increasingly important as a model pathosystem. However, the role of alate aphids in virus spread has attracted little attention although the migratory morph is a key vector for the long-distance dispersal of plant pathogens. Herein, we first examined the selection preferences of alate or aptera morphs of the vector Schizaphis graminum for healthy/mock-inoculated/BYDV-infected wheat plants and then identified possible volatile components that influenced alate S. graminum selection behavior. The results showed that noninfective S. graminum (either alate or aptera) mainly tended to select BYDV-infected wheat while infective S. graminum (only aptera) preferentially selected noninfected wheat. In addition, we found that the BYDV-infected plants showed significant differences in the content and quantity of volatiles compared with healthy or mock-inoculated wheat plants and that the increased volatiles (trans-2-hexen-1-al or decanal) released by BYDV-infected plants may play a critical role in attracting noninfective alate aphids in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings describe a novel mechanism by which the volatile profiles released by virus-infected plants may influence alate aphid colonization preference, providing further or new evidences for the VMH. This study extends our knowledge base on plant virus transmission to new host plants with potential ramifications for the integrated management of both the vector and disease.

植物病原体传播策略的演变可以使用载体操纵假说 (VMH) 来描述，该假说假定病原体可以通过对移动载体的影响来增强它们向新宿主植物的传播。由小麦中的蚜虫载体传播的大麦黄矮病毒(BYDV) 作为模型病理系统变得越来越重要。然而，尽管迁移性变体是植物病原体长距离传播的关键载体，但铝酸盐蚜虫在病毒传播中的作用却很少引起人们的注意。在此，我们首先检查了载体Schizaphis graminum 的有翼或无翅形态对健康/模拟接种/BYDV 感染的小麦植株的选择偏好，然后确定了可能影响 alate 的挥发性成分。S. 禾本科选择行为。结果表明，非感染性禾本科（有翼或无翅目）主要倾向于选择 BYDV 感染的小麦，而感染性禾本科（仅aptera）优先选择未感染的小麦。此外，我们发现 BYDV 感染的植物与健康或模拟接种的小麦植物相比，其挥发物的含量和数量显示出显着差异，并且由BYDV 感染的植物可能在以浓度依赖的方式吸引非感染性有铝蚜虫方面发挥关键作用。这些发现描述了一种新机制，通过该机制，受病毒感染的植物释放的挥发性特征可能影响有蚜虫的定植偏好，为 VMH 提供进一步或新的证据。这项研究将我们关于植物病毒传播的知识基础扩展到新的宿主植物，对载体和疾病的综合管理有潜在的影响。