Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a precise and non-invasive analytic technique, capable of providing information on chemical bonds of molecules at extremely low concentrations. Therefore, it is widely used in chemical analysis, environmental protection, detection of illicit drugs, food processing, diagnostic biology, etc. However, the challenge to produce highly sensitive, reproducible, and reusable SERS substrates significantly limits its wider applications. Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) that possess high flexibility, strong surface adsorption capability, gas impermeability, electrical insulation, and high thermal and chemical stability could help solve the challenge. To better learn about the recent progress in BNNS-based SERS substrates, and shed light on future research, an overview of BNNS-based SERS substrates is presented herein. In this review, the mechanism and challenges of SERS are introduced, followed by the properties of BNNSs. The classification and preparation methods of BNNS-based substrate are highlighted as well. Finally, challenges and perspectives on the deficiencies, future development and achievements are presented.

表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS) 是一种精确且非侵入性的分析技术，能够提供有关极低浓度分子化学键的信息。因此，它被广泛应用于化学分析、环境保护、违禁药物检测、食品加工、诊断生物学等领域。. 然而，生产高灵敏度、可重复和可重复使用的 SERS 底物的挑战极大地限制了其更广泛的应用。具有高柔韧性、强表面吸附能力、不透气性、电绝缘性以及高热和化学稳定性的氮化硼纳米片 (BNNSs) 可以帮助解决这一挑战。为了更好地了解基于 BNNS 的 SERS 基板的最新进展，并为未来的研究提供启示，本文介绍了基于 BNNS 的 SERS 基板的概述。在这篇综述中，介绍了 SERS 的机制和挑战，然后介绍了 BNNS 的特性。还重点介绍了基于 BNNS 的底物的分类和制备方法。最后，针对存在的不足、未来的发展和成就提出了挑战和展望。