With the ever-increasing demand on energy storage systems and subsequent mass production, there is an urgent need for the development of batteries with not only improved electrochemical performance but also better sustainability-related features such as environmental friendliness and low production cost. To date, transition metals that are sparse have been centrally employed in energy storage devices ranging from portable lithium ion batteries (e.g., cobalt and nickel) to large-scale redox flow batteries (e.g., vanadium). Toward the sustainable battery chemistry, there are ongoing efforts to replace the transition metal-based electrode materials in these systems to redox-active organic materials (ROMs). Most ROMs are composed of the earth abundant elements (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur), thus are less restrained by the resource, and their production does not require high-energy consuming processes. Furthermore, the structural diversity and chemical tunability of organic compounds make them more attractive for the versatile design of future energy storage systems. Accordingly, the timely development of high-performance ROM-based electrodes would expedite the shift from the current resource-limited battery chemistry to more sustainable energy solutions.

中文翻译：

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用于可充电储能的多功能氧化还原活性有机材料

随着对储能系统需求的不断增长和随后的大规模生产，迫切需要开发不仅具有改进的电化学性能，而且具有更好的可持续性相关特性（如环境友好和低生产成本）的电池。迄今为止，稀少的过渡金属已被集中用于从便携式锂离子电池（例如钴和镍）到大型氧化还原液流电池（例如钒）的储能设备中。为了实现可持续的电池化学，正在努力将这些系统中的过渡金属电极材料替换为氧化还原活性有机材料 (ROM)。大多数ROM由地球上丰富的元素（例如碳，氮，氧，硫）组成，因此受资源限制较少，并且它们的生产不需要高能耗的过程。此外，有机化合物的结构多样性和化学可调性使其对未来储能系统的多功能设计更具吸引力。因此，及时开发基于 ROM 的高性能电极将加快从当前资源有限的电池化学向更可持续的能源解决方案的转变。