We adopt artificial Λ\Lambda -type three-level system with superconducting devices for microwave signal detection, where the signal intensity reaches the level of discrete photons instead of continuous waveform. Based on the state transition principles of the three-level system, we propose a statistical model for microwave signal detection. In addition, achievable transmission rates and signal detection based on the proposed statistical models are investigated for low temperature conditions in deep space communication scenario. It is predicted that high sensitivity can be achieved by the proposed system. We further characterize the received signal considering the saturation phenomenon of three-level system, which reveals negligible performance degradation caused by saturation under weak received power regime.

中文翻译：

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基于蚂型三能级超导系统的量子化微波探测：HMM建模与性能预测


我们采用带有超导器件的人工Λ\Lambda型三能级系统进行微波信号检测，其信号强度达到离散光子水平而不是连续波形。基于三能级系统的状态转换原理，我们提出了微波信号检测的统计模型。此外，还研究了深空通信场景中低温条件下可实现的传输速率和基于所提出的统计模型的信号检测。预计所提出的系统可以实现高灵敏度。我们进一步描述了考虑三电平系统饱和现象的接收信号，这揭示了在弱接收功率状态下由饱和引起的性能下降可以忽略不计。