Sea Spray Aerosols Contain the Major Component of Human Lung Surfactant,Environmental Science & Technology

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Sea Spray Aerosols Contain the Major Component of Human Lung Surfactant
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04075
Emmanuel Van Acker ₁ , Maarten De Rijcke ₂ , Zixia Liu ₁ , Jana Asselman _{1,

3} , Karel A C De Schamphelaere ₁ , Lynn Vanhaecke _{4,

5} , Colin R Janssen _{1,

3}

Affiliation

Marine phytoplankton influence the composition of sea spray aerosols (SSAs) by releasing various compounds. The biogenic surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) is known to accumulate in the sea surface microlayer, but its aerosolization has never been confirmed. We conducted a 1 year SSA sampling campaign at the Belgian coast and analyzed the SSA composition. We quantified DPPC at a median and maximum air concentration of 7.1 and 33 pg m^–3, respectively. This discovery may be of great importance for the field linking ocean processes to human health as DPPC is the major component of human lung surfactant and is used as excipient in medical aerosol therapy. The natural airborne exposure to DPPC seems too low to induce direct human health effects but may facilitate the effects of other marine bioactive compounds. By analyzing various environmental variables in relation to the DPPC air concentration, using a generalized linear model, we established that wave height is a key environmental predictor and that it has an inverse relationship. We also demonstrated that DPPC content in SSAs is positively correlated with enriched aerosolization of Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. In conclusion, our findings are not only important from a human health perspective but they also advance our understanding of the production and composition of SSAs.

中文翻译：

海喷雾气雾剂含有人体肺表面活性剂的主要成分

海洋浮游植物通过释放各种化合物影响海喷雾气溶胶 (SSA) 的组成。已知生物表面活性剂二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱 (DPPC) 会积聚在海面微层中，但其雾化作用从未得到证实。我们在比利时海岸进行了为期 1 年的 SSA 抽样活动，并分析了 SSA 的组成。我们在 7.1 和 33 pg m ^–3的中值和最大空气浓度下量化了 DPPC，分别。这一发现对于将海洋过程与人类健康联系起来的领域可能具有重要意义，因为 DPPC 是人肺表面活性剂的主要成分，并被用作医用气雾剂治疗的赋形剂。DPPC 在空气中的自然暴露量似乎太低，不会对人类健康产生直接影响，但可能会促进其他海洋生物活性化合物的影响。通过分析与 DPPC 空气浓度相关的各种环境变量，使用广义线性模型，我们确定波高是一个关键的环境预测因子，并且它具有反比关系。我们还证明 SSA 中的 DPPC 含量与 Mg ²⁺和 Ca ^{2+ 的}富集气雾化呈正相关. 总之，我们的发现不仅从人类健康的角度来看很重要，而且还增进了我们对 SSA 的产生和组成的理解。

更新日期：2021-12-07

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