Introduction: Places where people deal and/or use drugs publicly are known as open drug scenes (ODSs). Drug-related community impacts (DRCIs) refer to drug-related issues that negatively influence public and individual health, communities, businesses, and recreational and public space enjoyment. There are no well-established criteria for identification of DRCIs. We therefore performed a scoping review of literature to determine DRCIs indicators associated with ODSs. Methods: The review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScP). We searched English articles in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases from 1990 to 2021. The keywords were drug-related crime, drug-related offense, misconduct, social marginalization, homeless drug users, open drug scene, drug-related street disorder, public nuisance, and community impact. Results: Sixty-four studies were identified. Twenty-five studies were included. Two studies (8%) were about drug-related public nuisance, 1 (4%) considered drug-related social problems, 2 (8%) focused on drug-related social disorder, and 18 studies (72%) discussed indicators of community impacts such as crime, drug-related litter, safety, noise, and drug use in public. Two studies (8%) included the frequency of drug use in ODSs. Discussion: DRCI indicators are heterogenic, and various factors affect the indicators. The factors include social mores, political discourse, and historical approaches to dealing with and using drugs. Some societies do not tolerate the existence of ODSs. In contrast, many countries have adopted harm reduction programs to manage DRCIs. Identified DRCI indicators were drug using and dealing in public, drug-related litter, crime, drug-related loitering, street-based income generation activities, noise, and unsafety feelings in inhabitants. To solve the problems associated with DRCIs and to make a major change in ODSs, it is necessary to pay attention to the improvement of the economic conditions (e.g., employment opportunities), amendment (e.g., determine the limits of criminalization in drug use), and adoption of social policies (e.g., providing low-threshold and supportive services for homeless drug users).
Eur Addict Res

中文翻译：

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公开毒品场景的毒品相关社区影响指标：范围审查

简介：人们公开交易和/或使用毒品的地方被称为开放毒品场所 (ODS)。与毒品相关的社区影响 (DRCI) 是指对公众和个人健康、社区、企业以及娱乐和公共空间享受产生负面影响的毒品相关问题。没有明确的标准来识别 DRCI。因此，我们对文献进行了范围审查，以确定与 ODS 相关的 DRCIs 指标。方法：审查是使用系统审查的首选报告项目和范围审查的元分析扩展 (PRISMA-ScP) 进行的。我们在 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 EMBASE 数据库中检索了 1990 年至 2021 年的英文文章。关键词是与毒品有关的犯罪、与毒品有关的犯罪、不当行为、社会边缘化、无家可归的吸毒者、公开吸毒现场、与毒品有关街头混乱、公害和社区影响。结果：确定了 64 项研究。纳入了 25 项研究。两项研究 (8%) 涉及与毒品有关的公害，1 项 (4%) 考虑与毒品有关的社会问题，2 项 (8%) 关注与毒品有关的社会障碍，18 项研究 (72%) 讨论社区指标犯罪、与毒品有关的垃圾、安全、噪音和公共场所吸毒等影响。两项研究 (8%) 包括 ODS 中的药物使用频率。讨论：DRCI指标具有异质性，多种因素影响指标。这些因素包括社会习俗、政治话语以及处理和使用毒品的历史方法。一些社会不容忍消耗臭氧层物质的存在。相比之下，许多国家已采用减少危害计划来管理 DRCI。已确定的 DRCI 指标包括吸毒和在公共场所交易、与毒品有关的垃圾、犯罪、与毒品有关的游荡、以街头为基础的创收活动、噪音和居民的不安全感。为解决与DRCI相关的问题并在ODS方面做出重大改变，有必要关注经济条件的改善（例如，就业机会），修正（例如，确定吸毒犯罪的限制），和通过社会政策（例如，
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