In order to better control the fire problem due to coal oxidations, a novel composite inorganic retarding gel material processed from sodium-based bentonite junction and kaolin, silica, hydrogen peroxide and silicon oxide is developed. For studying the gel's properties the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) are used to characterize microscopical structures and mass losses with the temperature change process, respectively. For quantifying the inhibitory effect of the novel gel on the spontaneous combustion process of coal oxidation, laboratory tests such as temperature-programmed oxidation and infrared spectroscopy are carried out. Changes of the gases generated from the treated coal sample by the novel gel under the temperature increasing are analyzed. The inhibitory effects of mud and MgCl₂ solutions on coal spontaneous combustion are compared. The results show that the surface of the gel is flat and smooth in microscopic scale. Under the a high-temperature, the gel is stable and is not easy to decompose. In detail, the quality loss is within 10%. The novel gel with a concentration of 20% has a good inhibitory effect on CO release and spontaneous combustion in coal combustion. In addition, the novel gel can significantly reduce the consumption of –OH, –CH and other functional groups in the low-temperature oxidation reaction. Hence, the novel gel is a kind of Inhibitor material with a better comprehension performance. This study provides a novel gel for better preventing and controlling the coal spontaneous combustion hazard.

为了更好地控制煤氧化引起的火灾问题，研制了一种由钠基膨润土与高岭土、二氧化硅、过氧化氢和氧化硅等结合加工而成的新型复合无机阻燃凝胶材料。为了研究凝胶的特性，扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和热重分析 (TG-DTG) 分别用于表征随温度变化过程的微观结构和质量损失。为了量化新型凝胶对煤氧化自燃过程的抑制作用，进行了程序升温氧化和红外光谱等实验室测试。分析了新型凝胶处理后煤样在升温条件下产生的气体变化。泥浆和氯化镁的抑制作用_{比较了2种}煤自燃的解决方案。结果表明，凝胶表面在微观尺度上平整光滑。在高温下凝胶稳定，不易分解。详细来说，质量损失在10%以内。浓度为20%的新型凝胶对煤燃烧中CO释放和自燃有很好的抑制作用。此外，新型凝胶可显着降低低温氧化反应中-OH、-CH等官能团的消耗。因此，这种新型凝胶是一种具有更好理解性能的抑制剂材料。该研究为更好地防治煤自燃危害提供了一种新型凝胶。