This year in review on osteoarthritis biology summarizes a series of research articles published between the 2020 and 2021 Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) World Congress. Research hightlights were selected and discussed based on the new discoveries of OA's cellular molecular mechanism, anatomical signatures, potential therapeutic targets, and regenerative therapy. The recently developed potential therapeutic targets are summarized, and the research focuses on TGFβ and WNT signaling in joint tissue homeostasis, joint aging and the dynamic of synolytics in OA joint, and the roles of TRP2, LDHA, OSCAR in cartilage homeostasis and OA joints are highlighted. Subsquencially, new anatomical structures and OA features are introduced, such as synovitis-induced venous portal circulation, horiozontal fissures between cartilage and subchondral bone, the cellular derivation of osteophytes formation, OA subtypes, and subchondral remodeling and pain biology. Then, research on the possibility of tissue regeneration in OA joints are discussed; skeletal stem cells in OA cartilage regeneration, and preclinical results of regenerative therapy for meniscus tear and osteochondral tissue morphoghesis are included. At last, the clinical evidence of the importance of delivery site of bone marrow stem cells for OA treatment is discussed. These findings represent advances in our understanding of OA pathophysiology.

今年对骨关节炎生物学的回顾总结了 2020 年至 2021 年国际骨关节炎研究协会 (OARSI) 世界大会期间发表的一系列研究文章。根据OA的细胞分子机制、解剖特征、潜在治疗靶点和再生疗法的新发现，选择和讨论了研究亮点。总结了最近开发的潜在治疗靶点，研究重点是关节组织稳态中的TGFβ和WNT信号通路、关节老化和骨关节炎关节中的synolytics动力学，以及TRP2、LDHA、OSCAR在软骨稳态和OA关节中的作用。突出显示。随后，介绍了新的解剖结构和 OA 特征，例如滑膜炎引起的静脉门静脉循环、软骨和软骨下骨之间的水平裂隙，骨赘形成的细胞衍生，OA 亚型，以及软骨下重塑和疼痛生物学。然后，讨论了OA关节组织再生的可能性；包括 OA 软骨再生中的骨骼干细胞，以及半月板撕裂和骨软骨组织形态变化的再生疗法的临床前结果。最后，讨论了骨髓干细胞递送部位对OA治疗的重要性的临床证据。这些发现代表了我们对 OA 病理生理学理解的进步。包括 OA 软骨再生中的骨骼干细胞，以及半月板撕裂和骨软骨组织形态变化的再生疗法的临床前结果。最后，讨论了骨髓干细胞递送部位对OA治疗的重要性的临床证据。这些发现代表了我们对 OA 病理生理学理解的进步。包括 OA 软骨再生中的骨骼干细胞，以及半月板撕裂和骨软骨组织形态变化的再生疗法的临床前结果。最后，讨论了骨髓干细胞递送部位对OA治疗的重要性的临床证据。这些发现代表了我们对 OA 病理生理学理解的进步。