Optimization of self-starting in passively mode-locked optical soliton fiber laser resonators results from a complex transient dynamic involving soliton molecules, soliton-based complexes and supramolecular structures, with particle-like properties. By means of time-stretch dispersive Fourier transform based real-time spectroscopy, we identify a new route to the passive mode-locking of fiber laser solitons. A raised relaxation oscillation stage is followed by the generation of shaking-soliton molecular triplets. The relative phase between satellite and main pulses of shaking soliton triplets evolves chaotically, while the two satellite pulses are orthogonal to each other in their state of polarization. These results provide new perspectives into the soliton formation and the internal dynamics of soliton molecules with higher degrees of freedom.

被动锁模光学孤子光纤激光器谐振器中自启动的优化源于复杂的瞬态动力学，涉及孤子分子、基于孤子的复合物和超分子结构，具有类似粒子的特性。通过基于时间拉伸色散傅立叶变换的实时光谱，我们确定了光纤激光孤子被动锁模的新途径。升高的弛豫振荡阶段之后是振动孤子分子三联体的产生。卫星和振动孤子三重态主脉冲之间的相对相位是无序演化的，而两个卫星脉冲在极化状态下彼此正交。这些结果为孤子形成和具有更高自由度的孤子分子的内部动力学提供了新的视角。