What Is the Role of the Environment in the Emergence of Novel Antibiotic Resistance Genes? A Modeling Approach,Environmental Science & Technology

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What Is the Role of the Environment in the Emergence of Novel Antibiotic Resistance Genes? A Modeling Approach
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02977
Johan Bengtsson-Palme _{1,

2} , Viktor Jonsson ₃ , Stefanie Heß ₄

Affiliation

It is generally accepted that intervention strategies to curb antibiotic resistance cannot solely focus on human and veterinary medicine but must also consider environmental settings. While the environment clearly has a role in transmission of resistant bacteria, its role in the emergence of novel antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is less clear. It has been suggested that the environment constitutes an enormous recruitment ground for ARGs to pathogens, but its extent is practically unknown. We have constructed a model framework for resistance emergence and used available quantitative data on relevant processes to identify limiting steps in the appearance of ARGs in human pathogens. We found that in a majority of possible scenarios, the environment would only play a minor role in the emergence of novel ARGs. However, the uncertainty is enormous, highlighting an urgent need for more quantitative data. Specifically, more data is most needed on the fitness costs of ARG carriage, the degree of dispersal of resistant bacteria from the environment to humans, and the rates of mobilization and horizontal transfer of ARGs. This type of data is instrumental to determine which processes should be targeted for interventions to curb development and transmission of ARGs in the environment.

中文翻译：

环境在新型抗生素抗性基因出现中的作用是什么？建模方法

人们普遍认为，遏制抗生素耐药性的干预策略不能仅仅关注人类和兽医学，还必须考虑环境条件。虽然环境显然在耐药细菌的传播中起作用，但它在新抗生素耐药基因 (ARG) 出现中的作用尚不清楚。有人提出，环境构成了 ARG 向病原体招募的巨大场所，但其范围实际上未知。我们构建了耐药性出现的模型框架，并使用相关过程的可用定量数据来确定人类病原体中 ARG 出现的限制步骤。我们发现，在大多数可能的情况下，环境在新型 ARG 的出现中只起次要作用。但不确定性很大，强调迫切需要更多定量数据。具体来说，最需要更多关于 ARG 携带的适应性成本、耐药细菌从环境向人类扩散的程度以及 ARG 的动员和水平转移率的数据。此类数据有助于确定干预措施应针对哪些过程，以遏制 ARGs 在环境中的发展和传播。

更新日期：2021-12-07

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