There has been a steady expansion in organic production in the Canadian Prairies because of higher consumer demand. Thus, increasing the sustainability of organic systems would be important. An organic trial was conducted in the semi-arid Prairies (2010–2015) with two tillage intensities (low vs. high) in a simplified [spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–forage pea (Pisum sativum L.) green manure (GM)] and a diversified (spring wheat–oilseed–pulse–GM) rotation. In 2013–2015, the impact of these systems on root rot was examined on spring wheat, pulses, and GM crops. Several Fusarium spp. were more abundant in GM and pulses than spring wheat, suggesting that they could be a source of inoculum, especially of F. avenaceum (Fr.:Fr.) Sacc. (teleomorph Gibberella avenacea Cook), for Fusarium diseases in cereals including Fusarium head blight. Under different environments, tillage–rotation systems had an impact on root disease and fungal populations, some of which have biocontrol capabilities. There was no difference among systems for root rot in forage pea, while the low tillage-diversified rotation had the lowest root rot in spring wheat but was associated with more Fusarium spp. For all crops, most Fusaria were not associated with root rot severity. Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kurib.) Drechs. ex Dast. [anamorph Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker] accounted the most for root rot in spring wheat and was favored by intensive tillage and simplified rotations. The Shannon diversity index (H') of fungal species in spring wheat was higher in the diversified rotation under both tillage intensities than when spring wheat alternated with GM in the simplified rotation, especially under high tillage. In forage pea, H' was higher than in spring wheat, but did not differ among tillage–rotation systems.

中文翻译：

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不同耕作制度下有机作物的根系病害和真菌种群

由于消费者需求增加，加拿大大草原的有机生产稳步增长。因此，提高有机系统的可持续性将很重要。在半干旱草原（2010-2015 年）进行了一项有机试验，在简化的 [春小麦 ( Triticum aestivum L.) - 饲用豌豆 ( Pisum sativum L.) 绿肥 ( GM)] 和多样化的（春小麦-油籽-豆类-GM）轮作。在 2013-2015 年，研究了这些系统对春小麦、豆类和转基因作物的根腐病的影响。几种镰刀菌属。转基因和豆类比春小麦更丰富，这表明它们可能是接种物的来源，尤其是F. avenaceum（Fr.:Fr.） Sacc。(teleomorph Gibberella avenacea Cook)，用于谷物中的镰刀菌病害，包括镰刀菌头枯病。在不同的环境下，轮作系统对根系病害和真菌种群有影响，其中一些具有生防能力。牧草豌豆根腐病系统之间没有差异，而低耕多样化轮作的春小麦根腐病最低，但与更多的镰刀菌有关。对于所有作物，大多数镰刀菌与根腐病的严重程度无关。Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kurib.) Drechs。前达斯特。[anamorph Bipolaris sorokiniana(Sacc.) Shoemaker] 对春小麦根腐病的影响最大，并且受到集约耕作和简化轮作的青睐。两种耕作强度下春小麦真菌种类的Shannon多样性指数（H'）均高于春小麦与GM交替的简化轮作，特别是在高耕作下。在饲用豌豆中，H' 高于春小麦，但在耕作-轮作系统之间没有差异。