Probation and parole officers must carefully balance law enforcement and rehabilitation goals to deliver effective treatments and behavioral controls. The tension between these two goals can create uncertainty regarding appropriate supervision practices. The present study summarizes results from an effort to construct community supervision practice guidelines by integrating scientific research and clinical expertise from supervision stakeholders (officers and individuals involved in the criminal legal system). Using consensus-building methods and practice frameworks, we assembled perspectives from these stakeholders via a survey. Results indicate that, while stakeholders endorse rehabilitative supervision strategies, they face several implementation challenges. Specifically, officers report that their organizations prioritize hierarchy and consistency over innovation and adaptation, which may make it difficult to move away from the longstanding use of punitive controls. Additional challenges are indicated by stakeholders' lack of discrimination between different client subpopulations and general disagreement among officers as to appropriate treatments and controls for clients classified as low risk. Further research and translation efforts are needed to help the field understand the clinical differences of subpopulations, to clarify appropriate treatments and controls for those classified as low risk, and to incorporate the perspectives of people involved in the criminal legal system into supervision practices.

缓刑和假释官员必须仔细平衡执法和康复目标，以提供有效的治疗和行为控制。这两个目标之间的紧张关系可能会给适当的监督实践带来不确定性。本研究总结了通过整合来自监管利益相关者（涉及刑事法律系统的官员和个人）的科学研究和临床专业知识来构建社区监管实践指南的结果。我们使用建立共识的方法和实践框架，通过调查收集了这些利益相关者的观点。结果表明，虽然利益相关者认可康复监督策略，但他们面临着几个实施挑战。具体来说，官员报告说，他们的组织将等级和一致性置于创新和适应之上，这可能难以摆脱长期使用的惩罚性控制措施。利益相关者对不同客户亚群之间缺乏歧视，以及官员之间普遍存在分歧，即对归类为低风险客户的适当治疗和控制存在分歧，这表明了其他挑战。需要进一步的研究和翻译工作，以帮助该领域了解亚群的临床差异，阐明对低风险人群的适当治疗和控制，并将刑事法律系统相关人员的观点纳入监管实践。这可能使人们难以摆脱长期使用的惩罚性控制措施。利益相关者对不同客户亚群之间缺乏歧视，以及官员之间普遍存在分歧，即对归类为低风险客户的适当治疗和控制存在分歧，这表明了其他挑战。需要进一步的研究和翻译工作，以帮助该领域了解亚群的临床差异，阐明对低风险人群的适当治疗和控制，并将刑事法律系统相关人员的观点纳入监管实践。这可能使人们难以摆脱长期使用的惩罚性控制措施。利益相关者对不同客户亚群之间缺乏歧视，以及官员之间普遍存在分歧，即对归类为低风险客户的适当治疗和控制存在分歧，这表明了其他挑战。需要进一步的研究和翻译工作，以帮助该领域了解亚群的临床差异，阐明对低风险人群的适当治疗和控制，并将刑事法律系统相关人员的观点纳入监管实践。不同客户亚群之间缺乏歧视，官员之间普遍存在分歧，即对归类为低风险客户的适当治疗和控制措施。需要进一步的研究和翻译工作，以帮助该领域了解亚群的临床差异，阐明对低风险人群的适当治疗和控制，并将刑事法律系统相关人员的观点纳入监管实践。不同客户亚群之间缺乏歧视，官员之间普遍存在分歧，即对归类为低风险客户的适当治疗和控制措施。需要进一步的研究和翻译工作，以帮助该领域了解亚群的临床差异，阐明对低风险人群的适当治疗和控制，并将刑事法律系统相关人员的观点纳入监管实践。