ABSTRACT

This study focuses on the global trade of guinée cloth mainly produced in French India and exported to French West Africa from 1826 to 1925. The article first re-examines the guinée cloth and its role in the western Sahel. Second, it argues that the guinée produced in the French factories established in French India was costly but of poor quality. Consequently, a similar type of cloth made in Europe began replacing the guinée in the Senegalese market in the late nineteenth century. Therefore, the producers of the guinée in the French empire supported protective measures, although merchants and relevant governments did not always share this opinion. Furthermore, the unstable political climate of the early French Third Republic promoted frequent changes in the trade policy on guinée cloth. Consequently, in addition to the traditional route from Saint Louis, Senegal, the article demonstrates that the export of Indian guinée began through more protected routes in northern Africa and was then distributed within the wider region of West Africa. Even the Méline Tariff opened the guinée producers in French India to new markets. Through the guinée cloth trade, this study demonstrates how colonialism and imperialism could lead to globalization.

摘要

本研究重点关注1826 年至 1925 年间主要产于法属印度并出口到法属西非的吉尼布的全球贸易。本文首先重新审视吉尼布及其在西萨赫勒地区的作用。其次，它认为在法属印度建立的法国工厂生产的几尼价格昂贵但质量差。因此，在 19 世纪后期，欧洲制造的一种类似类型的布开始在塞内加尔市场取代吉尼。因此，几内亚的生产者在法兰西帝国支持的保护措施，虽然商人和有关政府并不总是同意这一观点。此外，法兰西第三共和国初期不稳定的政治气候促使吉尼布贸易政策频繁变化。因此，除了从塞内加尔圣路易斯出发的传统路线外，文章还表明，印度几内亚的出口始于北非受保护程度更高的路线，然后分布在更广泛的西非地区。甚至梅林关税也为法属印度的几内亚生产商打开了新市场。通过几内亚布贸易，这项研究展示了殖民主义和帝国主义如何导致全球化。