The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has called for improved assessment and intervention for survivors of military sexual trauma (MST) to mitigate deleterious sequalae, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research on the impact of MST-related PTSD (MST-IT) on men is limited, and few studies have examined the differential effects of treatment across genders and MST-IT. Additionally, studies have utilized varying definitions of MST (e.g., sexual assault only vs. including sexual harassment), contributing to disparate outcomes across studies. Utilizing data from 343 veterans seeking residential cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for PTSD in VHA, this study examined the impact of MST-IT and gender on differences in demographic characteristics; pre-treatment severity of PTSD (overall and clusters), depression, and negative posttraumatic cognitions (NPCs); and post-treatment severity of these variables after accounting for pre-treatment severity. Results from 2x2 factorial ANOVAs found no differences in pre-treatment depression or overall PTSD by MST-IT, gender, or their interaction; however, MST-IT survivors presented with greater pre-treatment avoidance, global NPCs, and self-blame. Results from hierarchical linear regression models found only pre-treatment symptom severity significantly predicted post-treatment severity for overall PTSD and all NPCs. These findings suggest veteran survivors of MST-IT appear to benefit similarly from CPT delivered in a VHA residential PTSD program compared to veterans with other index traumas, regardless of gender. Although there were minimal post-treatment differences in PTSD and NPCs by MST-IT status and gender, residual symptoms related to negative cognitions and mood appear to differ across gender and MST-IT status. Specifically, in individuals without MST-IT, post-treatment PTSD symptoms of negative alterations in cognition and mood were higher in men than women. Moreover, women with MST-IT reported more symptoms of depression than both men with MST-IT and women without MST-IT. These findings suggest depressive symptoms decrease through residential PTSD treatment differentially by MST-IT status and gender and warrant further examination.

退伍军人健康管理局 (VHA) 呼吁改进对军事性创伤 (MST) 幸存者的评估和干预，以减轻有害的后遗症，包括创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)。关于 MST 相关 PTSD (MST-IT) 对男性的影响的研究是有限的，很少有研究检验跨性别治疗和 MST-IT 的不同影响。此外，研究使用了不同的 MST 定义（例如，仅性侵犯与包括性骚扰），导致不同研究的结果不同。本研究利用 343 名寻求 VHA 创伤后应激障碍住院认知处理疗法 (CPT) 的退伍军人的数据，检验了 MST-IT 和性别对人口统计学特征差异的影响；治疗前 PTSD 的严重程度（整体和集群）、抑郁症、和消极的创伤后认知（NPC）；以及在考虑治疗前严重程度后这些变量的治疗后严重程度。2x2 阶乘方差分析的结果发现，治疗前抑郁症或整体 PTSD 因 MST-IT、性别或它们的相互作用而没有差异；然而，MST-IT 幸存者表现出更大的治疗前回避、整体 NPC 和自责。分层线性回归模型的结果发现，只有治疗前症状的严重程度才能显着预测整体 PTSD 和所有 NPC 的治疗后严重程度。这些发现表明，无论性别如何，MST-IT 的退伍军人幸存者似乎与具有其他指数创伤的退伍军人相比，从 VHA 住宅 PTSD 计划中提供的 CPT 中获益相似。尽管根据 MST-IT 状态和性别，PTSD 和 NPC 的治疗后差异很小，与消极认知和情绪相关的残留症状似乎因性别和 MST-IT 状态而异。具体而言，在没有 MST-IT 的个体中，治疗后 PTSD 症状的认知和情绪负面改变在男性中高于女性。此外，患有 MST-IT 的女性比患有 MST-IT 的男性和没有 MST-IT 的女性报告更多的抑郁症状。这些发现表明，通过住院 PTSD 治疗，抑郁症状会因 MST-IT 状态和性别而有所不同，需要进一步检查。患有 MST-IT 的女性比患有 MST-IT 的男性和没有 MST-IT 的女性报告更多的抑郁症状。这些发现表明，通过住院 PTSD 治疗，抑郁症状会因 MST-IT 状态和性别而有所不同，需要进一步检查。患有 MST-IT 的女性比患有 MST-IT 的男性和没有 MST-IT 的女性报告更多的抑郁症状。这些发现表明，通过住院 PTSD 治疗，抑郁症状会因 MST-IT 状态和性别而有所不同，需要进一步检查。