Unrestrained inflammation is harmful to tissue repair and regeneration. Immune cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles have been proven to show promise as inflammation targets and multitargeted inflammation controls in the treatment of severe inflammation. Prevention and early intervention of inflammation can reduce the risk of irreversible tissue damage and loss of function, but no cell membrane-camouflaged nanotechnology has been reported to achieve stage-specific treatment in these conditions. In this study, we investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for topical treatment of early inflammation (early pulpitis as the model) with the help of in-depth bioinformatics and molecular biology investigations in vitro and in vivo. Nanoparticles have been proven to act as sentinels to detect and competitively neutralize invasive Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (E. coli LPS) with resident fibroblasts to effectively inhibit the activation of intricate signaling pathways. Moreover, nanoparticles can alleviate the secretion of multiple inflammatory cytokines to achieve multitargeted anti-inflammatory effects, attenuating inflammatory conditions in the early stage. Our work verified the feasibility of fibroblast membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for inflammation treatment in the early stage, which widens the potential cell types for inflammation regulation.

无节制的炎症不利于组织修复和再生。免疫细胞膜伪装纳米颗粒已被证明在治疗严重炎症中显示出作为炎症靶点和多靶点炎症控制的前景。炎症的预防和早期干预可以降低不可逆组织损伤和功能丧失的风险，但目前尚无细胞膜伪装纳米技术在这些情况下实现分期治疗的报道。在这项研究中，我们借助深入的体外和体内生物信息学和分子生物学研究，研究了成纤维细胞膜伪装纳米粒子局部治疗早期炎症（以早期牙髓炎为模型）的预防和治疗效果。大肠杆菌脂多糖（E. coli LPS）常驻成纤维细胞，有效抑制复杂信号通路的激活。此外，纳米颗粒可以减轻多种炎症细胞因子的分泌，从而达到多靶点的抗炎作用，在早期减轻炎症。我们的工作验证了成纤维细胞膜伪装纳米颗粒用于早期炎症治疗的可行性，从而拓宽了炎症调节的潜在细胞类型。