Economical fruit trees are a kind of forest with great economic and ecological benefits, which has become an important cash source of many rural household incomes. However, the shortage of water resources has limited their development. Deficit irrigation (DI) is a novel water-saving irrigation method, but there is a risk of yield reduction in practice. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively analyze the impact of DI on fruit yield and water use efficiency (WUE) to explore the most suitable DI strategy for fruit trees. Overall, compared to full irrigation, DI decreased the fruit yield by 6.05% and increased WUE by 5.05%. However, the effectiveness of DI depended on DI factors, fruit tree varieties and environmental factors. In order to achieve a win-win goal of water-saving and yield increasing, a Win-Win analysis was conducted on collected data. It was found that DI was suitable for drought-tolerant tree varieties in the arid region with medium-textured and large bulk density soil. Adopting subsurface irrigation methods for low or moderate deficit (Irrigation limit ＞55%${\theta }_f$) before the fruit growth stage (i.e., bud burst to leafing stage and flowering to fruit set stage) was recommended. Our findings can provide implications for applying DI to fruit trees.

经济果树是一种具有巨大经济效益和生态效益的林木，已成为许多农村家庭收入的重要经济来源。然而，水资源短缺限制了它们的发展。亏缺灌溉（DI）是一种新型的节水灌溉方式，但在实践中存在减产风险。因此，通过荟萃分析定量分析DI对果实产量和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响，以探索最适合果树的DI策略。总体而言，与完全灌溉相比，DI 使果实产量降低 6.05%，使 WUE 增加 5.05%。然而，DI的有效性取决于DI因素、果树品种和环境因素。为了达到节水增产双赢的目标，对收集的数据进行了双赢分析。发现DI适用于中等质地和大容重土壤干旱地区的耐旱树种。中低缺水采用地下灌溉方式（灌溉限度＞55%${\theta }_F$) 建议在果实生长阶段之前（即萌芽到生叶期和开花到坐果期）。我们的发现可以为将 DI 应用于果树提供启示。