In this paper, to study the failure characteristics and mechanical properties of slate and shale, the authors have conducted triaxial tests on shale and slate samples. To evaluate the peak stress and the destruction mode in the samples, the tests are performed on a triaxial rock-mechanical testing system. The experimental results show that compression would cause multiple cracks in shale. The cracks are characterized by a small width, and none of them are through cracks. When a slate sample is subjected to compressive failure, the developed cracks are characterized by a comparatively large opening, and some cracks are through. The compressive strength of shale is three times higher than the compressive strength of slate, and the Poisson’s ratio of shale is lower than that of slate. In the process of compressive failure of shale, the deformation is small, and the strain increases linearly along the direction of the principal stress. In the process of deformation of slate, the deformation is great, and the strain increase is divided into two stages – fast increase and slow increase. Comparison of mechanical properties of these types of rock with different lithology can provide important background for shale gas reservoir fracturing and slate foundation consolidation.

在本文中，为了研究板岩和页岩的破坏特征和力学性能，作者对页岩和板岩样品进行了三轴试验。为了评估样品中的峰值应力和破坏模式，测试是在三轴岩石力学测试系统上进行的。实验结果表明，压缩会导致页岩出现多条裂缝。裂缝的特点是宽度小，没有一个是贯通裂缝。板岩试样受压破坏时，裂纹扩展的特点是开孔较大，部分裂纹贯穿。页岩的抗压强度比板岩的抗压强度高3倍，而页岩的泊松比低于板岩的泊松比。在页岩压缩破坏过程中，变形小，应变沿主应力方向线性增加。在板岩变形过程中，变形量很大，应变的增加分为快速增加和缓慢增加两个阶段。比较这些不同岩性类型岩石的力学性质，可以为页岩气储层压裂和板岩地基固结提供重要背景。