Abstract

The LBM is used to investigate three-dimensional nanofluid (NFs) flow inside a square enclosure with a heat source in this research. The heat source is located in the enclosure's middle and operates at a high temperature. The sidewalls have a thickness, leading to heat transfer (HE-TR) from the sidewalls that are at low temperatures to the internal fluid due to their thermal conductivity. An inclined magnetic field (MF) uniformly affects the fluid flow. The effect of parameters such as Rayleigh number (Ra), thickness and thermal conductivity of the sidewall, dimensions of the heat source, Hartmann number (Ha), the volume fraction of nanoparticles (φ), and the angle of the MF on two- and three-dimensional field flow and HE-TR is investigated. Optimization is made on the parameters for maximum HE-TR. The lattice Boltzmann method has been used to simulate nanofluid flow. The results show that an enhancement in the Ha and the angle of the MF reduces the amount of HE-TR. HE-TR is improved by increasing the thermal conductivity of thick walls. The quantity of HE-TR is increased when nanoparticles are added to water.

摘要

在本研究中，LBM 用于研究具有热源的方形外壳内的三维纳米流体 (NF) 流动。热源位于外壳的中间，在高温下运行。侧壁具有厚度，由于其导热性，导致从处于低温的侧壁到内部流体的热传递（HE-TR）。倾斜磁场 (MF) 均匀地影响流体流动。瑞利数 (Ra)、侧壁厚度和导热系数、热源尺寸、哈特曼数 (Ha)、纳米粒子的体积分数 (φ) 以及 MF 的角度等参数对两个参数的影响-研究了三维场流和HE-TR。对最大 HE-TR 的参数进行了优化。格子玻尔兹曼方法已被用于模拟纳米流体流动。结果表明，Ha 和 MF 角度的增强减少了 HE-TR 的量。HE-TR 通过增加厚壁的热导率得到改善。当将纳米粒子添加到水中时，HE-TR 的数量会增加。